Body: | Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Critical Incident Stress
Debriefing (CISD) is pure "classic" Junk science.
Psychiatry is Junk science
No scientific data that Psychiatry works!
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Snapshot:
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is one of many specific categories of anxiety in DSM-IV. PTSD is a behaviour choice motived by personal benefit, not a disease. PTSD is historically known as Hysteria.
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A. Snapshot summary:
1. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a behaviour choice
not a disease.
2. PTSD is historically known as Hysteria. (click to see details)
3. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is adopted as behaviour in
order to gain some personal benefit.
a. Some War Veterans realize when they return from duty that all
their training as soldiers has ill equipped them for standard workplace
skills. When they entered the army, they have almost no work skills that
would merit them a good job. When they return, nothing has changed, they
still possess almost no work skills to get a good paying job. They claim
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and suddenly get "cash for life" through a
disability welfare system and free healthcare.
"A battalion chief in a large metropolitan fire and rescue agency,
writing about the ascendance of the Critical Incident Stress Debriefing
movement in his field, noted a comment made decades earlier by a hook and
ladder captain: "We used to have steel men and wooden wagons; now we have
steel wagons and wooden men" (Response to disaster: psychosocial,
community, and ecological approaches By Richard Gist, Bernard Lubin, 1999
AD, p 211)
With governments passing legislation that forces employers to pay
their employees benefits if they claim Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
experienced from their job, it is lucrative for a new crop of entitlement
seeking employees. These are the same group of people presidential
candidate Mitt Romney identified as the 47% who seek government handouts
rather than work hard the pull their own weight in the world.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, however, is becoming the "disease of
choice" among those seeking "cash for life":
PTSD is claimed when someone personally experiences mugging, rape,
torture, being kidnapped or held captive, death of loved one, divorce,
financial loss, child abuse, car accidents, train wrecks, plane crashes,
bombings, or natural disasters such as floods or earthquakes for rape,
physical or sexual abuse as a child, war, serious accidents
PTSD is vicariously claimed when someone merely witnesses another
experiencing a traumatic life event.
People can simply claim because they can get the same high level of
welfare without the negative stigma of being labeled with a mental illness
or being viewed as insane.
Essentially, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is the fastest pipeline
for young, normal, healthy people to easily gain the highest paying form of
public welfare: Disability welfare and government paid free healthcare for
life.
Fireman, policeman, paramedics, soldiers share the commonality of
being public sector employees with lucrative benefits packages that
specifically name Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder as a condition of getting
paid big dollars while staying at home and doing whatever they want.
The unemployed or private sector employees rarely Post-Traumatic
Stress Disorder because there is no automatic benefit for them like there
is for most public sector employees.
In other words, those who can gain a benefit from claiming
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder make claims but those who cannot gain any
benefit do not.
The suggestion that Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a disease or
caused by chemical imbalances in the brain are absurd.
6. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder has a long history with
soldiers who made false claims of being sick in order to avoid the draft
and those who made false claims of sick after they returned from
deployment:
a. "In World War I, soldiers afraid of being killed in battle
malingered; psychiatrists who wanted to protect them from being returned to
the trenches diagnosed them as having a mental illness (then called
"hysteria"). Today, ninety years later, soldiers returning home and afraid
of being without "health care coverage" diagnose themselves as having a
mental illness (now called "post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]"). The
soldiers themselves candidly acknowledge this motive. Almost 50 percent of
the troops returning from Iraq suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder
and depression "because they want to make sure that they continue to get
health care coverage once their deployments have ended."" (Psychiatry: The
Science of Lies, Thomas Szasz, 2008 AD, p 24)
b. "Before the war, the standard psychiatric treatment for
hysteria was the so-called electric treatment, or "faradism," a procedure
consisting of the application of interrupted DC (direct current) stimuli to
the patient's supposedly affected muscles and nerves. Its effect, if any,
was owing solely to suggestion. In his early years of practice, Freud
routinely used this method. Its employment for the treatment of "war
hysteria"- in other words, war neurosis, traumatic neurosis, shell shock,
today anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder-was an
extension of this standard psychiatric therapy to military malingerers
treated by doctors pretending to believe that the shirkers were sick."
(Psychiatry: The Science of Lies, Thomas Szasz, 2008 AD, p 70)
7. There is an entire industry of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
specialists including doctors, councilors, lawyers, psychologists,
psychiatrists and Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) experts who
bleed billions of dollars of wasted cash from the insurance companies,
governments and corporations:
a. A similar "disaster-myth" entrepreneurial initiative is
evident in "critical incident stress debriefing" (CISD), developed by Jeff
Mitchell, a former volunteer firefighter and paramedic. He claims that a
large proportion of emergency personnel experience some negative reaction
to critical incidents. For many, he believes, these signs of stress, if
left untreated, would "develop into full-fledged post-traumatic stress
disorders." Consequently he designed CISD, a structured group intervention
that focused on the identification and ventilation of emotions. The program
has become a burgeoning cottage industry of journals, books, workshops and
lectures around the world. Workshop registrants become trained CIS
debriefers, a specialty used to gain contracts with emergency
organizations, school boards, airlines and banks. While CISD flourishes,
progressively more critics, concerned about potential harm, are questioning
the "scientific evidence." A battalion chief in a large metropolitan fire
and rescue agency, writing about the ascendance of the CISD movement in his
field. noted a comment made decades earlier by a hook and ladder captain:
"We used to have steel men and wooden wagons; now we have steel wagons and
wooden men." He is one of an increasing number of people who are expressing
concern that such procedures undermine the natural support and adaptation
that keeps those with jobs like firefighting resilient. (Manufacturing
Victims, Dr. Tana Dineen, 2001, p 184)
8. Treating Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder with drugs is like
smashing a computer because of a software virus.
9. Every person on earth has experienced and witnessed many
things that are both traumatic and stressful.
10. Jesus commands us to be anxious for nothing and He expects us to bear
up when we experience traumatic and stressful situations by placing our
faith and trust in Him. Anxiety is a sinful behaviour choice which is
"cured" through self-control not drugs.
B. What biopsychiatrists, drug companies and governments say:
Notice they admit PSTD is caused by life experience and not a chemical
imbalance in the brain. PTSD is a behaviour choice not a disease:
1. "Recent studies have shown that childhood abuse (particularly
sexual abuse) is a strong predictor of the lifetime likelihood of
developing PTSD." (What is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD, Sidran
Foundation, The Sidran Institute, a leader in traumatic stress education
and advocacy)
2. "Who Is Most Likely to Develop Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder?
People who have been abused as children or who have had other previous
traumatic experiences are more likely to develop the disorder. Research is
continuing to pinpoint other factors that may lead to Post-Traumatic Stress
Disorder. It used to be believed that people who tend to be emotionally
numb after a trauma were showing a healthy response, but now some
researchers suspect that people who experience this emotional distancing
may be more prone to PTSD." (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Freedom From
Fear, Staten Island, NY, National non-profit Mental Illness Advocacy
Organization)
3. "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: PTSD can result from
personally experienced traumas (e.g., rape, war, natural disasters, abuse,
serious accidents, and captivity) or from the witnessing or learning of a
violent or tragic event. ... How is PTSD treated? There are a variety of
treatments for PTSD, and individuals respond to treatments differently.
PTSD often can be treated effectively with psychotherapy or medication or
both." (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD, NAMI, National Alliance on
Mental Illness, Jack Gorman, MD May 2003)
4. "PTSD was first brought to public attention in relation to war
veterans, but it can result from a variety of traumatic incidents, such as
mugging, rape, torture, being kidnapped or held captive, child abuse, car
accidents, train wrecks, plane crashes, bombings, or natural disasters such
as floods or earthquakes. The hippocampus is the part of the brain that
encodes threatening events into memories. Studies have shown that the
hippocampus appears to be smaller in some people who were victims of child
abuse or who served in military combat. Research will determine what causes
this reduction in size and what role it plays in the flashbacks, deficits
in explicit memory, and fragmented memories of the traumatic event that are
common in PTSD. By learning more about how the brain creates fear and
anxiety, scientists may be able to devise better treatments for anxiety
disorders. For example, if specific neurotransmitters are found to play an
important role in fear, drugs may be developed that will block them and
decrease fear responses; if enough is learned about how the brain generates
new cells throughout the lifecycle, it may be possible to stimulate the
growth of new neurons in the hippocampus in people with PTSD. By learning
more about how the brain creates fear and anxiety, scientists may be able
to devise better treatments for anxiety disorders. For example, if specific
neurotransmitters are found to play an important role in fear, drugs may be
developed that will block them and decrease fear responses; if enough is
learned about how the brain generates new cells throughout the lifecycle,
it may be possible to stimulate the growth of new neurons in the
hippocampus in people with PTSD." (Anxiety Disorders, National Institute of
Mental Health, NIMH, 2006)
5. "Treatment of Anxiety Disorders: In general, anxiety disorders
are treated with medication, specific types of psychotherapy, or both"
(Anxiety Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, NIMH, 2006)
6. "PTSD: Etiology: The Role of the Stressor: The severity of the
stressor in PTSD differs in magnitude from that found in adjustment
disorder, which is usually less severe and within the range of common life
experience. However, this relationship between the severity of the stressor
and the type of subsequent symptomatology is not always predictable. For
example, studies of bereavement and divorce have found that stressors
within the range of usual human experience can also pro-duce a distinctive
syndrome of reexperiencing the trauma (Horowitz et al. 1980). In effect, it
has generally been underemphasized that in the average community setting,
events such as sudden loss of a spouse are a much more frequent cause of
PTSD than are assault and violence (Breslau et al. 1998). Nevertheless,
events such as sexual assault or armed robbery, which are interpersonal
insults to integrity, self- esteem, and security, are particularly likely
to lead to PTSD. When stressors become extreme (e.g., rape, extended
combat, torture, concentration camp experiences), the rate of morbidity
significantly increases. For example, the ECA study found that in men who
had served in Vietnam, 4% of those who were in combat but were not wounded
had PTSD, whereas 20% of combat veterans who had been wounded developed
PTSD. In even more horrendous conditions, such as those endured by U.S.
prisoners of war of the Japanese in World War II, extremely high PTSD
incidence rates have been reported: 84% lifetime and 59% decades after
(Engdahl et al. 1997). Variable PTSD rates have been found in individuals
subjected to major noninterpersonal trauma; for example, reported rates in
severely injured accident victims range from a very low 2% (Schnyder et al.
2001) to 32% (Koren et al. 1999). In those sustaining severe traumatic
brain injury, a 27% PTSD incidence has been reported (Bryant et al. 2000a).
Childhood interpersonal trauma can often result in PTSD, as is widely known
clinically and documented by numerous studies. In an inner- city child
psychiatry clinic, more than half of the trauma-tized children had
syndromal or subsyndromal PTSD, with experiencing physical abuse or
witnessing domestic violence being the strongest contributors (Silva et al.
2000). In a large community sample followed prospec-tively into young
adulthood, about one-third of the children who had suffered substantiated
sexual abuse, physical abuse, or neglect had PTSD (Widom 1999). On average,
it is estimated that approximately one-fourth of all individuals who
experience major trauma develop PTSD (Breslau et al. 1991). In addition, as
described by McFarlane, a definite dose-response relationship exists
between the impact of the trauma and PTSD. Still, it is rare even for
overwhelming trauma to lead to PTSD in more than half of the exposed
populations, clearly suggesting that other etiological factors also play a
role (McFarlane 1990). A discussion of such predictors fol-lows." (Textbook
of Clinical Psychiatry, Hales, Yudofsky, 2003 AD, p598)
7. "PTSD: Etiology: Kardiner (1959) comprehensively described the
phenomenology of war traumatic neurosis, identifying five cardinal
features: 1) persistence of startle response, 2) fixation on the trauma, 3)
atypical dream life, 4) explosive out-bursts, and 5) overall constriction
of personality. He called this condition a physioneurosis , a term implying
an interaction of psychological and biological processes, which served as a
forerunner of current psychobiological models of PTSD." (Textbook of
Clinical Psychiatry, Hales, Yudofsky, 2003 AD, p 600)
8. "Serotonergic system. The serotonergic system has also been
implicated (another guess) in the symptomatology of PTSD (van der Kolk and
Saporta 1991), although such work is still in its infancy." (Textbook of
Clinical Psychiatry, Hales, Yudofsky, 2003 AD, p 601)
9. "Brain circuitry and neuroimaging findings. A number of
neuroimaging findings, both structural and functional, in PTSD studies over
the past several years have begun to delineate a model suggestive of limbic
sensitization and diminished cortical inhibition in PTSD, with specific
dysfunction in brain areas involved in memory, emotion, and visuospatial
processing (Bremner et al. 1999a)." (Textbook of Clinical Psychiatry,
Hales, Yudofsky, 2003 AD, p 601)
10. "Genetics. A large study of Vietnam veteran twins found that genetic
factors accounted for 13%-34% of the variance in liability to the various
PTSD symptom clusters, whereas no etiological role was found for shared
environment (True et al. 1993). Molecular genetic studies of PTSD are
sparse. An initial study found an association between PTSD and a
polymorphism of the dopamine D2 receptor (Comings et al. 1996); however,
this finding was not replicated in a later study (Gelernter et al. 1999)."
(Textbook of Clinical Psychiatry, Hales, Yudofsky, 2003 AD, p 602)
11. "Cognitive and Behavioral Therapies: A variety of cognitive and
behavioral techniques have gained increasing popularity and validation in
the treatment of PTSD. People involved in traumatic events such as
accidents frequently develop phobias or phobic anxiety related to or
associated with these situations. When a phobia or phobic anxiety is
associated with PTSD, systematic desensitization or graded exposure has
been found to be effective. This is based on the principle that when
patients are gradually exposed to a phobic or anxiety-provoking stimulus,
they will become habituated or deconditioned to the stimulus." (Textbook of
Clinical Psychiatry, Hales, Yudofsky, 2003 AD, p 606)
C. Cases of depression and anxiety:
Depression in the DSM-5
Depression
Candy, Muffin, Abba, Potato, Egg, Deferred, River, Amnon
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Potato, River
Panic Disorder (PD)
Postpartum Depression (PPD)
Pregnant
Post-Traumatic/Stress disorder (PTSD)
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Sunshine
Social Phobia (SP)
Conclusion:
1. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a behaviour choice
not a disease.
2. PTSD is historically known as Hysteria. (click to see
details)
3. We all experience very traumatic and stressful things in our
lives. This is normal and to be expected. Becoming self-disabled for these
common life trauma's is forbidden in the Bible: "If a man won't work,
neither let him eat" (2 Thessalonians 3:10) This one Bible verse would save
taxpayers billions of dollars of wasted cash if put into action.
4. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is an emotion that
results from a choice whose origin is the human spirit.
5. Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) is a classic
example of junk "pop" psychology gone to seed. It is a parasitic vulture
industry feeding shamelessly off of cash from insurance companies, public
funds and corporations. We all pay for this. Nothing is free.
6. It is important to ask, "What benefit is this individual
deriving from engaging in this behaviour of Post-Traumatic Stress
Disorder." Often PTSD is a means to an end for personal gain.
7. There is no scientific evidence that Post-Traumatic Stress
Disorder is caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain.
8. Jesus commanded us not to be anxious. Work on your
self-control instead of drugs to free yourself of all anxiety.
By Steve Rudd: Contact the author for comments, input or corrections.
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