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The Onomasticon by Eusebius (325AD) and the Exodus route ... Eusebius goes even further and says that Kadesh Barnea is located at Petra. Eusebius represents the views of the time of queen Helena, who chose the site for Mt. ... Hor (K. 176:7) is nearby. The Nabatean influence lasted into the Roman period of the Onomasticon. Petra was one of the Nabatean cities given autonomy about 106 A.D. with the establishment of the Roman Province of Arabia. It was a great city in the 3rd and 4th centuries. The Christians of Petra were persecuted by Diocletian. Rekem. ... The Notitia Dignitatum (74:40) has a Tarba and (74:46) a Thamarra both of which have a garrison. Alt found a fort at Qasr el Juheiniye and he is followed by many ... The Madaba Map copies Eusebius with all three names listed: "Balak which is also Sēgōr or now Zoora" and picturing a fortress with palm trees. Zoora is also Soora ... is here summarized from I Samuel 15:7, Exodus 15:22, and Numbers 27:14. In Interpretation of Hebrew Names "Gerara, he saw a chewing of the cud or a garden wall" (66). ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-ancient-geographers-eusebius-onomasticon-323ad.htm

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Assassination of Gedaliah July-Sept 587 BC: Bulla ... The site of the battle is not recorded in any source, but its outcome is certain. Nebuchadnezzar was forced to withdraw all the way to Babylonia. In the following year, he did not campaign; he stayed at ... Or is he an undesirable vessel? Why have he and his descendants been hurled out And cast into a land that they had not known? "O land, land, land, Hear the word of the Lord! "Thus says the Lord, 'Write ... (Biblical Archeologist, Some Personal Seals of Judean Royal Officials, G. Ernest Wright, Vol 1) "The nearby city fortress of Lachish provides clear proof that it had been twice burned over a short period of time, coinciding with the two captures of Jerusalem. In Lachish the imprint of a clay seal was found, its back still shows the fibers of the papyrus to which it had been attached. ... 22:3, 8-12)." (ISBE, Rule of Gedaliah, Volume 2, Page 919, 1979 AD) Since this seal was found at tel Mizpah, it seems obvious to associate this Jaazaniah with the Gedaliah the first governor of Judah ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/bulla/bible-archeology-jeremiah-clay-bullae-seal-inscription-property-of-belonging-to-Gedaliah-who-is-over-the-house-Lachish-2-Kings-25-22-587bc.htm

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Four Hebrew Scripts: Mosaic, Hieroglyphic, Paleo, Aramaic, square ... ... this is pure speculation. b. we can be sure that at least from the time of the tower of Babel (2275 BC) II. Earliest Hebrew scripts: Signet rings: (and possible ... Each family had their own signet rings at the time of the Exodus. b. These seal rings were most likely similar to other Hebrew seal impressions found in fired clay ... During this period, the same Hebrew language has used four different alphabetic written scripts. The ten commandments inside the Ark of the covenant and the book of ... Masoretic Hebrew became a dead language about 1000 AD. In 1915 AD a group of Jews in Tel Aviv revived "Masoretic Hebrew" and introduced it into schools so that by ... and do not speak with us in Judean in the hearing of the people who are on the wall."" (Isaiah 36:11) e. "Then Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, and Shebnah and Joah, ... While minor local differences appear sporadically, a literary standard form for both the language and its orthography developed that would last for centuries. It is ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Septuagint-LXX-Hebrew-ancient-earliest-writing-Bible-scripts-alphabets-origin-Mosaic-heiroglyphic-Paleo-Aramaic-Masoretic-Jewish-Greek.htm

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Greek Scroll Twelve minor prophets Nahal Hever 50 BC: Septuagint ... The Greek minor prophets scroll dates to about 50 BC: a. "Dating Conclusion: Both hands give the impression of belonging to the late Ptolemaic or early Roman period. ... For Tyre built herself a fortress And piled up silver like dust, And gold like the mire of the streets. Behold, the Lord will dispossess her And cast her wealth into ... Are you better than No-amon, Which was situated by the waters of the Nile, With water surrounding her, Whose rampart was the sea, Whose wall consisted of the sea? ... You too will become drunk, You will be hidden. You too will search for a refuge from the enemy. All your fortifications are fig trees with ripe fruit- When shaken, ... The fact that the Greek Minor Prophets scroll was found among the remains of the followers of Bar Kochba, linked to the Jerusalem religious circles, is not without ... The LXX is, thus, very much a product of the Hellenistic age. It is possible, of course, that the codices of the fourth and fifth centuries a.d. incorporate some ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/bible-manuscripts-Septuagint-twelve-Greek-Minor-prophets-scroll-Nahal-Hever-Bar-Kochba-Cave-of-Horrors-letters-Dodekapropheton-Greek-8HevXIIgr-50BC.htm

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The Exodus Route: The Archaeology of Mt. Lawz as Mt. Sinai ... An idol of Enki would have been placed upon the raised platform inside the niche at the north end of the temple for worship." (Nimrod and the archaeology of the Tower of Babel, Steven ... This shows that rainfall levels during the Nabatean period were much higher than today. The Wilderness of Shur is Agatharchides' "large plain" located is directly west of the Straits of ... engaged in archaeological terrorism by adding stones into the 5 door opening to create one continuous wall because it better fit his preconceived delusion that these were animal chutes. ... was documented on top plans in high detail. There is no excuse for altering an official excavation top plan based upon your site "walk-through" unless you provide some very good reasons. ... In simple words, the official top plan found walls, not doors because the doors were bricked in centuries later during secondary use long after Israel left Mt. Sinai. At Khirbet el-Maqatir, the author has excavated walls where a door was later ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-mt-sinai.htm

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Saul Hunts David. Timeline, maps, chronology, sermons of Judges ... ... In 1967 King Hussein built his Jordanian palace on the very spot that Saul's palace stood. Excavations of this site are planned in the next few years. Past ... The Philistines display the heads in their cities and hang the bodies on the Beth-shan wall. 35. The men of Jabesh-gilead steal the headless bodies, burn them and ... Boaz's "shadow of wings of protection" and God is our rock of refuge, not some fortress in a pagan gentile foreign country: "Be gracious to me, O God, be gracious to ... From the end of the earth I call to You when my heart is faint; Lead me to the rock that is higher than I. For You have been a refuge for me, A tower of strength ... It is during the next four years (1018-1014 BC) that David will be hunted by Saul. During this period of intense persecution David writes about 35 Psalms. It is ... Finally, Saul has found someone to feel sorry for him and they will be rewarded by the king with money, privilege and favors. iii. So again, Saul is self-deceived. He ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-maps-timeline-chronology-1samuel-21-31-saul-david-on-the-run-1012-1004bc.htm

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Ancient Synagogue Literary Sources: Titus Flavius Josephus (Joseph ... ... The character of the period emerges clearly from Cicero's defence of Flaccus: (Flac. 66-69)" (Building Jewish in the Roman East, Peter Richardson, p114, 2004 AD) B. ... who was ordered to prevent the fight, came thither, and took away the earthen vessel, and endeavored to put a stop to the sedition; but when he was overcome by the ... away five of its strongest stones, they went away hastily; (65) whereupon the tower fell down on a sudden, with a great noise, and its guard fell headlong with it; ... Joseph, who was slain by a dart, as he was running away over that part of the wall that was broken down: (67) but as those that were in the city were greatly ... four thousand, whereas the number of those that had thrown themselves down was found to be five thousand: (81) nor did anyone escape except two women, who were the ... Jonathan the high priest [Alexander Jannaeus: 103-76 BC] first of all built a fortress, and called it Masada; after which the building of this place employed the ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Ancient-Synagogue-Archeological-Literary-Sources-Bible-Jesus-Israel-Judea-diaspora-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-Joseph-ben-Matthias-Titus-Flavius-Josephus-70ad.htm

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Christmas: Separating Bible truth from Myth ... of virtue frequented their lectures every day. (150) These men, when they found that the king's distemper was incurable, excited the young men that they would ... (172) And when the physicians once thought fit to have him bathed in a vessel full of oil, it was supposed that he was just dying; but, upon the lamentable ... What may prove to be of great interest to everyone here is that the earliest manuscripts, from the twelfth through the fifteenth centuries, attest unanimously to a ... Stage Period of Publication Year from Tiberius Yrs Reigned British Library Library of Congress Total 1 ca. 1150-1489 22 32 12 1 13 2 1470-1514 22 35 7 4 11 3 ... The manger could be free-standing in the stall or attached to the wall (it could also be on the floor of the living area adjacent to the stall area, but this would ... That the Messiah was to be born in Bethlehem, was a settled conviction. Equally so was the belief, that He was to be revealed from Migdal Eder, 'the tower of the ... ... https://www.bible.ca/D-Xmas-story.htm

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History of Temple Mount, Tabernacles of Moses, David and the ... them out of Egypt was the symbol and actual vessel of salvation in Christ's Body. 4. The Old Testament is filled with types and anti-types in the New Testament. a. ... John 5:22-23. b. "In that day I will raise up the fallen booth of David, And wall up its breaches; I will also raise up its ruins And rebuild it as in the days of ... Noah's Ark. 2070 BC: Abraham builds first alter to offer Isaac on vacant temple site: The beginning of the earthly temple was with Abraham offering Isaac on the very ... Give me five loaves of bread, or whatever can be found." The priest answered David and said, "There is no ordinary bread on hand, but there is consecrated bread; if ... Second Temple built by Zerubbabel after captivity in 515 BC 541-515 BC 70 years complete: Second temple period begins with building of new temple built by Zerubbabel ... halted, 15 December 167 BC. 146 BC The Maccabees overthrow the Roman Akva Fortress liberating the control of the temple into the hands of the Hasmoneans 164 BC ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-jerusalem-temple-mount-history.htm

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The Book of Jubilees: A fictional Jewish chronology of real world ... ... As we know, the Seder Olam, for example has the Persian Empire lasting only 52 years when it is universally known the real period is 205 years. b. The concept of ... and female according to every kind which was on the earth, but he was alone and there was none whom he found for himself, who was like himself, who would help him. ... and she took some of it and she ate. 21 And she first covered her shame with a fig leaf, and then she gave it to Adam and he ate and his eyes were opened and he saw ... he put it in a vessel, and he guarded it until the fifth year, until the first day on the first of the first month. 3* And on that day he made a feast with rejoicing. ... The Tower of Babel 18* And in the thirty-third jubilee, in the first year of this second week, Peleg took a wife whose name was Lomna, daughter of Sina'ar. And she ... Five thousand, four hundred and thirty-three cubits and two palms its height rose up. And thirteen stades (was its wall). 22 And the Lord our God said to us, "Behold, ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/book-of-Jubilees-full-text-PDF-Free-Online-Chronology-ancient-Jewish-calendar-Textual-variants-Bible-Old-Testament-Torah-Tanakh-Rabbinical-Judaism-170BC.htm

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Textbook of Disturbances of Mental Life, Johann Christian August ... ... Subjects that might be of use to us are found only in scattered fragments, such as: Andr. Lacunae Epitome opp. Galeni, Bas. 1551 ; De loc. affect, libr. III, cap. 3 ... cure, Philodotus gave an emetic to a woman who thought she had a snake in her stomach, secretly introduced a snake into the vessel, and thus effected the cure. ... It is indeed on Sprengel that we rely for the truth of our assertion that during those unhappy centuries and up to and including the total barbarism of the Dark Ages which then descended on the earth, true recognition and treatment of mental disturbances could not even be imagined. For the eminent writers of a later period were, ... Thus, for example, one of them would hide herself from the others in a sentry box, as a child would do. Another woman would come knocking on the back wall of the box, ... top of the head, and after 12 hours applied a blistering plaster with cantharides powder to the cupped site. The festering was maintained, and the patient recovered. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/psychiatry/textbook-of-disturbances-of-mental-life-or-the-disturbances-of-the-soul-and-their-treatment-johann-christian-august-heinroth-1818ad.htm

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Lunar Eclipses at birth and death of Christ: 1 BC and 3 April ... ... of the Earth, rays of light are deviated, in accordance with the law of refraction, towards the vertical (see Fig. 3.3). This is known as atmospheric refraction. ... Comprehensive tables of normal refraction and numerical approximation formulae may be found in appropriate reference works." (Astronomy on the Personal Computer, ... Careful analysis of telescopic timings of stellar occultations by the Moon permits the direct measurement of delta-T during this time period. Prior to the 1600's, ... In spite of their relatively low precision, these data represent the only evidence for the value of ΔT prior to 1600 CE. In the centuries following the introduction ... Intermediate values - which would render the eclipse total at this site - are excluded by the observation." (Historical eclipses and Earth's rotation, Harold Jeffreys ... years to vindicate himself. It may be a volcano eruption. It may be a rocket fired by Iran into Tel Aviv. It may be Russia invades and conquers the entire Ukraine. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/jesus-christ-died-death-cross-eclipse-red-blood-moon-sun-darkness-earthquake-bodies-raised-resurrection-temple-veil-torn-in-two-centurian-son-of-god-3-april-33AD.htm

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The Dugger-Porter Debate on Sunday as the Lord's Day ... "And they continued steadfastly in the apostle's doctrine and fellowship, and in the breaking of bread, and in prayers." This was said of them during the period that ... But how does he prove his contention? He refers to 2 Cor. 9 and Rom. 15. In Rom. 15:28 he found this statement: "When therefore I have performed this, and have sealed ... And when Paul wished to "have some fruit among" the Romans (Rom. 1:13), he wished to raise a fig tree. Or when he desired fruit to the account of the Philippian ... This point my friend will never be able to touch. The argument stands as an impregnable wall against all the assaults of Sabbatarians. THE PORTER-DUGGER DEBATE 151 ... The fact remains that Paul ordered Christians to perform this religious service on the first day of the week, and the argument stands as an impregnable fortress ... and church prelates who want their own erroneous creeds supported, and doctrinal errors which crept in through Catholic propaganda centuries ago, defended. ... ... https://www.bible.ca/7-debate-porter-dugger.htm

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Panorama photos of ancient Israel from the Bible Panorama Photographs of Israel Ancient Israel Tour Guide to archeological site Travel and Tourist Maps Alphabetic listing of panoramas in Israel: Ai of Abraham, Et Tel Ai of Joshua, Khirbet el Maqatir Ararat, Urartu Ashkelon Azekah Beersheba Beth Guvrin, Betogabris Beth Shean Beth Shemesh Bethsaida Dor Elah Fortress, Khirbet Qeiyafa Gath, Tel Safi Gibeah of Saul, Benjamin Gibeon Herodion Jarmuth Jericho of Jesus Jericho of Joshua Jesus Boat, Galilee Joshua's Altar on Mt. Ebal Kadesh ... Hellenistic and Roman, Possible home of Nahum Bethsaida Fishing village of Philip, Andrew and Peter Beth Shean Saul and Jonathan's headless body was put on the wall on the hill Beth Shemesh Ark of the Covenant came up the Sorek valley from Philistine ... Bryant Wood proved Kenyon wrong! Jericho of Jesus Herod's winter Palace. Jesus came to this town and preached the gospel. The "Jesus Boat" Found on the NW shore of the Sea of Galilee it dates to 40 BC and was in use for decades. Jesus may have ridden in ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/panorama-photos-israel-tour-guide-travel-maps.htm

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Exodus route and Conquest: Hormah, Tamar, Way of the Spies Zepeta: "After a further journey of two hours and a half in a south-westerly direction, he found some ruins, which the Arabs called Zepâta. (Robinson also visited this spot, but could not discover the name of the ruins.) Rowlands could not for a moment doubt that this was the site of the ancient Zephath (or Hormah, vid. Josh. 15:30 and Judg. 1:17). (History of the old covenant: Johann Heinrich Kurtz,1872 AD, Vol 3, Geological survey, p217-254) Tel Masos: Hormah/Zephath figures as a flourishing town at the time of the conquest (Numbers 21:1-3; Judges 1:17), yet excavations at the site thought to be Hormah/Zephath (Tel Masos) have revealed a fortification from the Middle Bronze II period (c. ... More than 25,000 objects ranging from the First Temple period to the early Arab period have been uncovered here, including a pit with Edomite cultic figures, Iron Age walls, gates and an altar, and a Roman fortress. Dig directors Tali Erickson of the Israel Antiquities Authority, Mark Shipp of ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-way-of-spies-hormah.htm

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Dictionary of ancient pottery of the Bible GLOSSARY This glossary provides concise definitions of selected archaeological and ceramic terms. Synonymous terms are found after the abbreviation "aka" ("also known as"). Definitions have been gathered from numerous sources. A Alabastron. A very short-to-short, elongated, narrow-necked ... See Wall profile. Body. Main part of the vessel between rim and base (aka: body. There are many different forms (see table 1, and fig. 6). Bottle. A very short-to-short jug (if it does have a pouring lip) or jar (if it does not have a pouring lip), often with a cylindrical body and generally without handles. Balsamarium is a very short-to-short bottle, the implied function of which (to carry balsam), is not always based on analysis of its contents. Unguentarium is a very short-to-short bottle used for conserving perfume oils, precious liquids, and balms. Bow-rim jar. A jar constructed with an incurved rim inflection which formed a curved neck, characteristic of the Late Neolithic II period. Bowl. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-pottery-glossary-dictionary-encyclopedia.htm

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Ancient Synagogues : Shuafat Synagogue (Khirbet er-Ras) Khirbat er-Ras is located on the northern bank of the Refa'im Valley, at the southern end of the Manabat (Malba) ridge, where Nabal Manabat runs into Nabal Refa'im (map ref. 21699/62801; Gibson 1977:30-31; Edelstein, Milevski and Aurant 1998: Plan 2.1; Kloner 2000:30*, Site 39; Gadot 2011; Fig. 1). (Khirbat Er-Ras, Jerusalem: Iron Age And Ottoman-Period Remains, Nurit Feig) 2. More ... Different descriptions of the remains in the various publications make the task even harder. The room measures 5 x 4 m, and a low wall of hewn stones divided the space. While benches have been mentioned in some publications, none appear in Onn and Rafyunu's article from 1993. The room seems to have had a ... to 200 AD, Anders Runesson, p75, 2008 AD) b. "The archaeological remains of the building connected to the Theodotos inscription are too scanty for this edifice to be included in the present discussion, even if its location is almost certainly just south of the temple mount where the inscription was found. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Shuafat-Khirbeth-a-ras-ancient-synagogues-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-Jesus-archeology-top-plan-1991-Alexander-Onn-benches-mikveh-31bc.htm

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Gilgal The name "Gilgal" was not originally a specific place-name, but rather a term for a fortified camp. El 'Unuq appears to be just that. Although the site lacks permanent living quarters, it contains considerable pottery, the earliest of which dates to the 13th and 12th centuries B.C.E. and closely resembles pottery from the altar the author excavated on Mt. Ebal. In addition, the monumental size of el 'Unuq's enclosure wall suggests a fortification. This evidence supports the identification of el 'Unuq as a fortified camp from the early Iron I period, the period of Israel's earliest history in Canaan. . Professor Benjamin Mazar of the Hebrew University has further elaborated this idea. He ... The oval enclosure measures approximately 800 feet in the longer direction and nearly 500 feet in the shorter direction. Its wall was built of unworked stones, similar to but slightly smaller than those found in the altar we had previously discovered on Mt. Ebal.j The Arabs call this enclosure el ... ... https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-gilgal.htm

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609 BC: Arad Ostraca #88: Jehoiakim is appointed king of Judah ... ... Arad ostracon 88 is a provenanced surface find but it is unprovenienced. The ostracon was discovered by Israel Sommer in 1974 when we walked the entire site and randomly picked up surface pottery and putting all the pieces into a single bag without marking where each piece was found on tel Arad. Later that day at Engedi, Israel Sommer washed his pottery and only then discovered the inscription on the broken pottery ... Although remains of only three lines were preserved, these lines are clearly part of a letter from the king of Judah to the fortress commander; according to the handwriting, it must come from Stratum VII. This is an important addition to the collection of ostraca." (Arad inscriptions, ... a well documented archeological locus, (which it wasn't) this is no guarantee that the object's date matches the known date of the locus. 2. A "clean locus" (ie. all pottery and objects within a single locus is from a single time period) does happen, but is uncommon in professional digs. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/ostraca/bible-ostraca-ostracon-Arad88-letters-Jehoiakim-Judah-appointed-king-by-Pharoah-Neco-II-Egypt-2Kings23-34-I-became-king-in-all-the-land-be-strong-609bc.htm

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Hazael, king of Aram (842-800 BC) Tel Dan "House of David" inscription ... Hazael, king of Aram (841-800 BC) Tel Dan "House of David" Inscription Victory Stele of Hazael: 841 BC References 8 different kings of the Bible! Hazael, Ben-Hadad II, Ahab, Joram, Ahaziah, Jehoram, Jehu, David The relative importance of ... Archaeology is an important science that confirms the historical accuracy of the Bible. Since the Bible refers to hundreds of cities, kings, and places, we would expect to find evidence from on-site excavations. And this is exactly what we have found. The Bible is the most historically ... of Adad-nirari III, king of Assyria Introduction: 1. The "House of David" Inscription, found in secondary use in a wall outside the city gate of Tel Dan is one of the most important archeological finds of the century not because it ... Joash began in 835n/835t. This was 836t by Judean official reckoning, but it was, in our reckoning, in the 6-month period on or after Nisan 1 of 935 BC. (Rodger Young, email, 2014 AD) 3. 841-770 BC Aram controlled much of northern ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-tel-dan-hazael-stele-ben-hadad-ahab-joram-ahaziah-jehoram-house-of-david-inscription-jehu-841bc.htm

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597 BC: Arad Ostraca #40: Zedekiah and the Edomite invasion into ... ... The number of soldiers in each place must have been small and the problem of manpower severe, and local commanders, though being aware of the danger to their place, were unable to comprehend the overall picture. Under these circumstances, the high command found it necessary to impose its authority and ... Lemaire identified Qinah at Horvat Uza (Khirbet Ghazza) and Ramah-Negeb at Tel Ira, and his suggested identifications were accepted by other scholars. Tel Malhata is identified with Malatha, an Idumean fortress in the late Second Temple period and later a fort garri-soned. Al-though the names Moladah and Malatha/Moleatha are etymologically differ-ent, in light of the similarity of the ... Stratigraphic considerations and the ceramic evidence indicate that the ostracon should be assigned to Stratum VIII (Aharoni 1970: 29, n. 39; 1981: 74, n. 1). However, no eighth century letter written on a potsherd has been discovered in any site in Palestine, including Arad, after more than a century ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/ostraca/bible-ostraca-ostracon-Arad40-letters-edomite-threat-send-troops-Gemariah-Nehemiah-Malchijah-Eshijah-Ramah-Negev-Tel-Ira-Kinah-Horvat-Uza-YHWH-597bc.htm

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First Century Synagogue Top Plans: Modein (Hurvat Umm el-Umdan ... ... It seems that the rock-cut step marks the original entrance from the courtyard of the Early Hellenistic building to the peripheral corridor (Fig. 4: Sections 4-4, 5-5). In the Hasmonean period, a wall was built over the opening and blocked it (W289; Fig. 6), and was later integrated in the Herodian synagogue's eastern bench (below). The Hasmonean Synagogue (Fig. 7). A ... The frescoes were painted in the secco technique, and were dated according to their style to the Hasmonean-Herodian periods (the first century BCE, prior to the year 15 BCE). Similar wall paintings were found in Jericho, Jerusalem and elsewhere (the frescoes were studied and identified by Dr. Sylvia Rosenberg, and ... Meager remains of earlier floors and installations (L1302, L1303 in the northeastern square and L1452 in the northwestern square) were dated to the Hellenistic-Hasmonean periods (second-first centuries BCE) and they belong to earlier phases of the hall-the Hasmonean and the Early Hellenistic phases; however, it is ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Modein-Hurvat-Umm-el-Umdan-ancient-synagogues-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-Jesus-archeology-top-plan-mikveh-ark-of-scrolls-niche-bema-table-colour-fresco-132bc.htm

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The Civilization of the Edomites, Nelson Glueck ... of Edom or in the Wadi Arabah or in southernmost Palestine, unless under Horites are to be stood purely nomadic groups, such as the Edomites must have found and conquered when they entered southern Transjordan ( Genesis 14:6; 36:21, 22; Deuteronomy 2:12). ... The main period of the development of these kingdoms during the Iron Age extended between the 13th and 8th centuries B.C., after which a period of deterioration set in, culminating in complete destruction in the 6th century B.C. These were highly advanced, strongly organized, internally well integrated kingdoms. The land was clotted with well built stone villages and towns. The borders of these kingdoms, which can now be accurately fixed, were fortified by strong fortresses ( Fig. ... There was also an ancient trade-route that led from Sela or Petra to the Wadi Arabah, then south to Ezion-geber:Elath ( or Aila as the Naba-taean-Roman-Byzantine site which took its place farther to the east, nearer modern Aqabah, became known later on), ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-civilization-of-the-edomites-nelson-glueck-1947ad.htm

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796 BC: Omri Stele inscription of Adad-Nirari III (810-783) found ... Jehoash (Joash) king of Israel/Samaria [Omri-land] b. Ben-Hadad-III (Mari) king of Damascus 4. Inscription on Stone Slab found at Calah (Nimrod): 796 BC a. Calah is one of four ancient cities founded by Nimrod (Nimrud) b. "From that land he went ... only provides us with a terminus post quem for the site and its pottery, since Umm el-Biyara is essentially a one-period site, the date of the settlement cannot be too much earlier." (Journal of Hebrew Scriptures, Vol. 6, No. 56, p10, 2006 AD) ... "Mari" is a title of the kings of Aram applied to both Ben Hadad III on the Omri-land stele and his father of Hazael in other inscriptions. Detailed outline on Hazael, king of Aram and the "House of David" Stele found at tel Dan. This archeological ... Three times Joash defeated him and recovered the towns of Israel." (2 Kings 13:22-25) "King Jehoash of Israel captured King Amaziah of Judah son of Jehoash, son of Ahaziah, at Beth-shemesh; he came to Jerusalem, and broke down the wall of Jerusalem ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/bible-inscriptions-archeology-Adad-Nirari-III-Omri-land-stele-Amurru-Tyre-Sidon-Jehoash-Joash-Israel-Samaria-Edom-Palestine-Mari-Ben-Hadad-III-Damascus-Calah-Nimrod-796bc.htm

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Archeology and the Temple in Jerusalem Detailed maps by Charles Wilson and Charles Warren in 1864-1871 Infrared Imaging of the Temple Mount Detailed map by Frederick Catherwood, Plan of Jerusalem, 1835 AD (Olin, Stephen. Travels in Egypt, Arabia Petraea and the Holy Land. New York, 1844, vol. II.) The Fortress of Antonia was built at the Dome of the Rock. The wailing wall was built by "Hadrian" not ... While in Babylon for 70 years, sacrifices ceased, but there was continuous offering of sacrifices when Herod built the temple in 20 BC. So there are two "Temple periods" but three different temple buildings. First temple Period: 950-586 BC #1 Solomon 950 BC (first temple) Babylonian Captivity 70 years ... In 325 AD Contanstine tore down the Temple of Jupiter and assumed Hadrian built the temple of Jupiter on top of the spot where the temple of Solomon once stood. Constantine built an octagon church on the site. In 700 AD the Muslims found the foundations of Constanine's octagon church and built the dome of the Rock we see today. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-jerusalem-temple-mount.htm

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First Century Synagogue Top Plans: Magdala, Taricheae 50 BC ... See also: Heart-Shaped artwork in ancient synagoues b. See also: Table of the Scrolls: Prototype of Communion Table c. This stone table for setting the Septuagint on was found in situ. 6. "Migdal I: In the north-west part of the Migdal site, a structure identified as a synagogue of the Second Temple period (50 BCE-100 CE) was recently discovered (excavated by Dina Avshalom-Gorni and Arfan Najjar of the IAA in summer 2009; Avshalom-Gorni and Najjar 2009). The structure consists of a complex building with a temenos, an entranceway, which served as a learning room and leads into an almost square hall, with the main entrance on the west. The main hall (the excavators termed it a 'grand reading hall') inner structure (about 120 m) has stone benches built along the walls. Two columns are revealed at each end of the west wall. The south and north walls are slightly longer than the other two (Fig. 11-8). The floor was covered by an unfinished mosaic pavement, and the walls and columns were ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Magdala-Taracheae-Migdal-bible-ancient-synagogues-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-Jesus-archeology-top-plan-Mary-Magdelene-heart-table-4-freestanding-columns-50bc.htm

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Ark of the Scrolls Niche, Torah Shrine: Prototype of the Church ... Standardized Architectural Synagogue Signature Typology Synagogue Architecture adopted by the Christian Church Floorplans and Furnishings of Pre-70 AD Second Temple Period synagogues Inside the Ark of the covenant was a copy of the Ten ... This space served as a community chest for fragments of scrolls, or as a cabinet for storage of various objects. In the Galilean synagogue of Gush Halav I, a rectangular depression (0.50 m x 0.75 m) was found in the early base, close to the southern wall (Meyers et al. 1979:42); a ... an important fact has emerged: that nearly every excavated synagogue yields fragments, traces, or the actual site of the Torah Shrine, even those dated as early as the end of the second century CE. The Torah shrine structure in ... Over this stone base stood the actual aedicula structure, which usually consisted of a stone façade with two to four small columns surmounted by a decorated lintel (Fig. IV-26). " (Ancient Synagogues - Archaeology and Art: New ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Ark-of-the-Scrolls-Torah-Shrine-Niches-Prototype-Apse-Architectural-ancient-Synagogue-pre-70AD-standardized-typology-design-incorporated-copied-similarities-church.htm

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597 BC: Arad Ostraca #24: Letter from Zedekiah to send troops ... ... The number of soldiers in each place must have been small and the problem of manpower severe, and local commanders, though being aware of the danger to their place, were unable to comprehend the overall picture. Under these circumstances, the high command found it necessary to impose its authority and ... Lemaire identified Qinah at Horvat Uza (Khirbet Ghazza) and Ramah-Negeb at Tel Ira, and his suggested identifications were accepted by other scholars. Tel Malhata is identified with Malatha, an Idumean fortress in the late Second Temple period and later a fort garri-soned. Al-though the names Moladah and Malatha/Moleatha are etymologically differ-ent, in light of the similarity of the ... Lemaire, Ostraca, p. 356. E. Y. Kutscher (JSS 10 [1965], pp. 21-51) fixes the time of their entry into the language in the period after the borrowing of the alphabet by the Greeks, circa the tenth and ninth centuries B.C.E. Footnote 16. M. Heltzer, Some Northwest Semitic Epigraphic Gleanings from the ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/ostraca/bible-ostraca-ostracon-Arad24-letters-edomite-threat-send-troops-life-and-death-matter-Eliashib-Malchijah-Elisha-Ramah-Negev-Tel-Ira-Kinah-Horvat-Uza-Edom-Zedekiah-597bc.htm

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Synagogue Moses' Seat: Metaphor of Pride: Mt 23:2-3; Jas 2:1 ... ... The last stages of the 1.1ammat Tiberias building (seventh to eighth centuries) also exhibit a bench in its apse that undoubtedly was reserved for congregational leaders." (The Synagogue in Late Antiquity, Lee Levine, p339, 1987 AD) c. "Many explanations have been put forth in an attempt to explain the precise purpose of this ... This reconstruction seems unlikely as the symmetry is entirely unproven, and no such complex is known elsewhere. (Ancient Synagogues - Archaeology and Art: New Discoveries and Current Research, Rachel Hachlili, p 219, 2013 AD) 7. Delos Synagogue Moses' Seat: a. A marble chair and footstool were found in situ, flanked by a row of marble benches, along the northern half of the west wall of the Delos synagogue in room A, dated to the 1st century BCE (Goodenough 1958, III:Fig. 876; Bruneau 1970:492; Hachlili 1998:80-81, Fig. 11-35). White (1987:148) maintains that the benches and the precisely centered throne belong to the period of the renovation of Room A. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Moses-Seat-Metaphor-Pride-reader-leader-judge-Architectural-ancient-Synagogue-pre-70AD-standardized-typology-design-incorporated-adopted-similarities-into-church.htm

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bible-archeology-destruction-muslim-archeologists Destruction of the temple Mount in 2001 AD The temple mount is probably the most important archeological site in the world. The photos below are from the Muslim destruction on the Temple Mount in 2001. Non-Muslim archeologists are not even ... For example, from earlier surveys in Solomon's stables we know there's an ancient arch in there and a lot of Herodian stones. In the interior southeastern corner you can see the remains of Herodian windows that were part of a tower. And built into the southern wall is a ... The Muslims, to make their claim to the Temple Mount stronger, are now using the underground structures as places for worship especially Solomon's stables. This has been an underground area open for a long, long period, and they recently ... In the debris that was dumped in a nearby valley, beautiful fragments of gateways of the Herodian temple complex have been found. And although you can photograph and record them, you don't know where they came from. A huge number of very ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-destruction-muslim-archeologists.htm

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Dinosaurs in ancient Cambodian temple and monument builders of this empire was Jayavarman VII, crowned supreme king in 1181. Portrait statues, depicting him meditating in the fashion of Buddha, have been found throughout the region. ... These awesome temples were rediscovered by Portuguese adventurers and Catholic missionaries in the 16th century and many were restored in 19th and 20th centuries. Ta Prohm, one of the most picturesque, was left in it's natural state. It recently gained international attention as the setting for the first Laura Croft movie. At the corner formed by the elaborate front entrance and the front wall is ... Throughout this period he also pursued his research which frequently took him to Angkor and its surrounding cities. He has been the director of studies at Ecole Pratiques des Hautes Etudes for the ... Consider the following brave observation regarding this sculpture by an author unknown to me, posted to a web site dominated by skeptics. "As an artist myself, I find it amusing that skeptics are ... ... https://www.bible.ca/tracks/tracks-cambodia.htm

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Shiloh Israel: Master Index of Free Bible Maps of Bible Times ... Here is your Professional Dig Staff who will make your visit to Israel amazing and memorable. Join Steve Rudd in digging up Bible stories! "What we dig in the ground we find in the Book" Site location: 30 km North of Jerusalem GPS: 32° 3.459'N; 35° 17.377'E ... late Hyksos Period fortification wall A and rests there on a sand bed on top of it (H/I-n/25, West section). It was accessible by a ramp c. 6.40 m (12 cubits) wide, which was attached at the north-eastern (locally northern) flank of the platform. This ramp not only cuts into the remains of the Hyksos fortification wall. It must have been constructed within a long breach of this Hyksos wall (A) as, according to the geophysical survey, the eastern enclosure wall of the 18th Dynasty crosses the Hyksos wall. Blocks of a granite doorway of King Amenemhet I, found more than 100 years ago by E. Naville, are likely to have been used afterwards as an entrance gate at the start or at the upper landing of the ramp (Fig. 8A/8B)." ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/maps/bible-maps-master-index-tel-shiloh-israel-archeological-excavations-associates-for-bible-research-find-a-dig-tabernacle-of-moses-cubit-20.6-inches-1399-1094BC.htm

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First Century Synagogue Top Plans: Herodium 66 AD Well, in the place that had been a grand banquet hall in the Herodium, they converted it into a synagogue. Here's what they did. They of course, fashioned bench seating along the wall, along the walls in a rectangular pattern, and they ... If there was this well-known typology, this sense of how a synagogue ought to look-just as many Christians no doubt today would say "This is what a church is supposed to look like"-this argues that the synagogue buildings that we have found ... C. Bible and other Literary references: 1. See Josephus Antiquities 14:335-480 and Wars 1:250-357 2. Full Text of Josephus at end of document D. Occupation history: 1. "A palace-fortress built by Herod the Great on the site known in Arabic as Jebel el-Fureidis. It is situated 13 ... Master builder Stonemason Jesus: "Upon this Rock I will build My church" Everyday life: Archeology of Everyday Life and Homes at the time of Jesus Master List: Master list of First Temple Period, Pre-70 AD Synagogues Attend a church you can ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Herodium-ancient-synagogues-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-Jesus-archeology-top-plan-bema-mikveh-mikvaot-free-standing-columns-open-air-first-jewish-revolt-66ad.htm

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Seal of Baalis King of Bnei-Ammon: Bible Clay Bulla and seals ... ... Occupied from about 3000 B.C. to nearly 500 B.C., the site has been linked with the Ammonite king Baalis (Jeremiah 40:14) and with Pharaoh Thutmose III (1479-1425 B.C.). In past seasons, excavators have found an early sixth-century B.C. bulla with the inscription, "Belonging to Milkom-or, the servant of Baalyasha" (the Baalis of Jeremiah 40:14), and a jar handle stamped with the cartouche of Thutmose III." (Tell el 'Umeiri-Madaba Plains Project, BAR 14:06, 1988 AD) "The nearby city fortress of Lachish provides clear proof that it had been twice burned over a short period of time, coinciding with the two captures of Jerusalem. In Lachish the imprint of a clay seal was found, its back still shows the fibers of the ... Not only was Gedaliah's father a high official in his own right (Jer. 26:24), but his grandfather Shaphan had served Josiah as scribe, or secretary of state (2 K. 22:3, 8-12)." (ISBE, Rule of Gedaliah, Volume 2, Page 919, 1979 AD) Since this seal was found at tel ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/bulla/bible-archeology-jeremiah-clay-bullae-seal-inscription-belonging-to-baalis-king-of-bnei-ammon-Jer-40-14-587bc.htm

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Ein El Qedeis: "Piltdown Kadesh" Kadesh Barnea: 1881 - 1916 AD ... The fortress of 'Ain Qudeis (Grid Reference 1034 X 0002) was erected on a flat hill commanding the plainland between Wadi Qudeis and Wadi Qudeirat, some 3 km. south of the spring of 'Ain Qudeis (fig. 2). The site was surveyed in 1957 by Aharoni (1967: 8), and excavations were carried out in 1976 by the author (1977b: 71). The diameter of the fortress is ca. 50 m., and the gate and five out of 20 casemate rooms were uncovered (fig. 3: 1). The walls, ca. 0.60 m. wide and preserved to a height of ca. 1.70 m., are of rough-hewn local limestone blocks and rest on the bedrock. The size of the casemate rooms varies: width ca. 2.00 m.; length ca 5.50-10.00 m. In some of the entrances to the casemate rooms the lintels were preserved. Aharoni had discerned in the southern side remains of a gate "protected by two massive piers" (1967: 8), but upon excavation this was found to consist of an open space of ca. 6.50 m. in the line of the casemate wall. It is bordered on each side by casemate rooms ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-fortresses-ein-qedeis.htm

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The Exodus Route: Goshen and Ramses sons of Israel started out boldly in the sight of all the Egyptians," (Numbers 33:3) Click to View 3. Ballah lake and Timsah lake cannot be the Red Sea crossing site because they are inside Goshen: a. ... B. Sites inside Goshen occupied by Hebrews: 1. Land of Goshen: a. The land of Goshen extended far east of Tel el-Dab'a all the way to the Suez Canal. b. Both lake Ballah and Timsah lakes were inside ... At the time of the Exodus it was the Egyptian palace beside the Nile river where Moses was placed in a basket and found by Hatshepsut. 3. City of Goshen is Heroonpolis at Tell el-Maskhuta: a. The ... Located at in the Wadi Tumilat at the eastern shore of lake Goshen. b. "Pithom in the Bible can be identified with the only known settlement of the Ramesside Period in the Wadi Tumilat, at Tell ... Furthermore another Semitic expression s-g-r is used for an enclosure or a fortification of a fortress in the same region (papyri Anastasi V.19, 7). Even Tjeku, the name of the region of Wadi Tumilat, ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-goshen.htm

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Misidentified: "Belonging to Jotham" and "Belonging to Eliakim ... ... Edom itself, however, despite periods of efflorescence, apparently became progressively less able to take full advantage of its independence.Stamped on the handles of a series of jars belonging to the first phase of Period IV, which probably extended well down into the seventh century ... It was discovered in 1940 at the last minute of the last day of the last of three seasons of . . . excavations"" at Tell el-Kheleifeh, at the northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba. Pioneer archaeologist Nelson Glueck believed it to be the site of the biblical cities Ezion-Geber and, later, Elath. Abbas. the Arab foreman of Glueck, found a seal ring under a mud brick wall. Believing that this beautifully executed seal ... As a result, a mysterious gap between the tenth and seventh centuries seemed to appear at most of the excavated sites in Judah. In this way a distorted picture emerged, not only of the archaeology of the kingdom of Judah but also of other related disciplines such as ancient Hebrew ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/bulla/bible-archeology-jeremiah-clay-bullae-seal-inscription-Belonging-to-Eliakim-servant-of-Jehoiachin-belonging-to-Jotham-misidentified.htm

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First Century Synagogue Top Plans: Capernaum 30 AD Archaeology has confirmed that the house functioned as an early house church. In later centuries different church building structures were built over it. The last one known as the octagonal church is now visible to visitors. The site is now protected from the elements by a modern superstructure." (The Trowel ... D. Excavation details: 1. "The excavations date this early synagogue (I) to the first century CE, based on the pottery found under and in the cobbled basalt pavement. Thus, the excavations prove that the synagogue (II) of the fourth-fifth centuries CE at Capernaum was erected above an earlier first-century basalt synagogue, somewhat similar in plan to both the later Capernaum synagogue and the other Second Temple period synagogues. Corbo (1982:Photos 1, 2, 5, 8, 10) maintains that the basalt wall belonged to the first-century synagogue, whereas Loffreda ascribes it to a level between the first-century pavement and the Late Roman synagogue (Loffreda 1992:826). While Corbo believes ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Capernaum-bible-ancient-synagogues-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-Jesus-archeology-top-plan-basalt-foundation-peters-house-paralytic-manna-demon-healed-30ad.htm

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"Israel" Berlin Statue Pedestal Relief (1350 BC) "Israel" Merneptah ... Archaeology is an important science that confirms the historical accuracy of the Bible. Since the Bible refers to hundreds of cities, kings, and places, we would expect to find evidence from on-site excavations. And this is exactly what we have found. The Bible is the most historically ... Many Bible scoffers do not believe Israel even existed until the 7-10th centuries BC and completely reject the exodus and conquest of Joshua as a myth. b. This reference to Israel in 1205 BC proves them all wrong! c. In fact, so blind ... The question indeed needs to be asked whether it is at all possible that biblical Israel arrived in Canaan during either the mid-Eighteenth Dynasty or the even earlier Second Intermediate Period. Most scholars today - regardless of ... Furthermore, a long prose account of the Libyan war (not translated here) was inscribed on the inside of the eastern wall that connects the central part of the Karnak temple with Pylon No. VII." (The Poetical Stela of Merneptah, Ancient ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-victory-stele-of-merneptah-israel-1205bc-israel-berlin-statue-pedestal-relief-1350bc.htm

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First Century Synagogue Top Plans: Ostia, Seaport of Rome, Italy ... ... before the Jews would enter the synagogue. 8. "One of the most important Diaspora buildings clue to its early date and use over several centuries, this synagogue was located south of the city walls, outside the porta marina, on the shore. ... Since then, White has begun renewed investigations at the site, a project that will extend over several years. This project, entitled The Ostia Synagogue Area Masonry Analysis Project, is a welcome contribution to the study of this ... The main hall (D; 15 x 12 m) was entered via a four-column construction in area C; the columns were of white marble, measuring 4.65-4.75 m. Benches for sitting lined three of the walls, including the north-western slightly curved wall, where a podium similar to the one found in ... Nos. 177, 178). If so, it is possible that Plotius Fortunatus, the archisynagogos (No. 177), lived here for a period of time. A first major renovation of the edifice took place in the early second century, perhaps during the reign of ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Ostia-Port-Rome-Italy-bible-ancient-synagogues-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-Jesus-archeology-top-plan-Mazzot-oven-unleavened-bread-ark-of-scrolls-bema-Mikveh-50ad.htm

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First campaign of Thutmoses III in the Battle of Megiddo: year ... Tharu/Tjaru/Tharo [Ṯʾ-rw] has been misidentified as being located at Tel Habuwa (also Tell Habua). While this site has uncovered evidence of the Hyksos, Thutmoses III and Seti I, including tombs, administration buildings and food storage facilities, it has no prison. Tharu was ... Year 22, fourth month of the second season, on the twenty-fifth day his majesty was in Tharu on the first victorious expedition to extend the boundaries of Egypt with might. Now, at that period the Asiatics had fallen into disagreement, ... They measured this city, surrounding it with an inclosure, walled about with green timber of all their pleasant trees. His majesty himself was upon the fortification east of this city, inspecting. It was walled about with its thick wall. ... Gold in rings found in the hands of the artificers, and silver in many rings, 966 deben and 1 kidet. A silver statue in beaten work, the head of gold, the staff with human faces; 6 chairs of that foe, of ivory, ebony and carob wood, ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-southern-border-wadi-el-arish-tharu-egyptian-account-of-the-battle-of-megiddo-1482bc.htm

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A Note on an Inscription from Kuntillet Ajrud, Debra Chase Debra A. Chase, 1982 AD) Introduction In 1975-76 several Hebrew and Phoenician inscriptions were discovered in a fortress-like structure at Kuntillet Ajrud (Kuntillet Quraiyah) in the northern Sinai. ... Fig. 1. Drawing of the significant elements of the inscription, line 3. Palaeography The he at the beginning of line 3 is clear.6 Both the size and style of the form—broad strokes, square shape—mark ... The second (right) v is lower than the first, as in the mems found in lines 1 and 2. The stance of the mem is identical to that of the earlier mems, as is the long leg, which is drawn downward then ... For other reports see Singer 1976: 33-34; Meshel and Meyers 1976: 6-10; Meshel 1978a: 50-54; 1979: 24-35. 21n the discussions of the inscriptional material from the site this pithos is identified as ... Naveh, J. 1979 Graffiti and Dedications. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 235: 27-30. Pardee, D. 1978 Letters from Tel Arad. Ugarit-Forschungen 10: 289-336. Singer, S. 1976 Cache ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-inscription-from-kuntillet-ajrud-debra-chase-1982ad.htm

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Security of Bulla and Seals Judah Israel. Creation of ancient ... Generally, the bullae are of a fine, levigated clay." (Hebrew Bullae from the time of Jeremiah: Remnants of a burnt archive, Nahman Avigad, p14, 1986 AD) c. "The assemblage [255 bulla, 1975 AD] clearly originates from the site of a ... Fire burns the documents and strings but the clay bulla are "fired" and therefore transformed from clay into pottery in exactly the same way a potter puts his dried clay creations into a kiln. b. Archeologically we have found many authentic clay seals from the period of the ... Inscription on wood: "Ahmose I". 18th Dynasty, 1557-1532 BC (Ahmoses I expelled Hyksos) 1. An Egyptian scribe registering Nubian tribute including ostrich eggs and feathers, a monkey, gold, and ebony. Wall painting tomb of Rekhamire at ... "In the Samaria papyri, discovered in 1962 by Tamireh bedouin north of Jericho (see "Bedouin Find Papyri Three Centuries Older Than Dead Sea Scrolls," BAR 04:01, by Paul Lapp), the official documents, written during the second half of the ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/bulla/bible-bulla-seals-security-creation-manufacture-of-ancient-legal-documents-sealed-papyrus-paper-rolled-folded-tied-string-knots-rosa-Terra-Rossa-clay-soil-israel-judah.htm

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500 Flood stories prove Noah's Ark is real history: Epic of Gilgamesh ... ... His identity is either Noah, Shem, Ham or Jephath. Sisithrus was most likely Ham, given the fact that Ham's grandson was Nimrod who built the tower of Babel and that the story takes place in Babylon. A. Overview of the flood story told by ... got the idea when he wrote the book of Mormon, that the angel Moroni told him to dig up the golden Nephi Tablets with "Reformed Egyptian" (a non-existent language) from upstate New York, which had been buried centuries before by the Nephites. ... Similar to Sumerian Eridu (2150 BC) story where Zi-ud-sura drills a hole in the ark, here Berossus records that Xisuthrus "made an opening in the vessel and upon looking out found that it was stranded upon the side of some mountain". They all got out and sacrificed ... BEROSSUS, in the first book of his history of Babylonia, informs us that he lived in the age of Alexander the son of Philip. And he mentions that there were written accounts, preserved at Babylon with the greatest care, comprehending a period ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/ark/noahs-ark-flood-creation-stories-myths-berossus-xisuthrus-babyloniaca-history-of-babylonia-abydenus-apollodorus-alexander-polyhistor-josephus-eusebius-georgius-syncellus-oannes-280bc.htm

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Ancient Synagogue Inscription from Jerusalem 18 BC ... Inscriptions mentioning archisynagogoi on epitaphs are found at several sites in the Roman Empire, for example, at Aegina, Apamea, Ostia, and Hammam-Lif. Thirty-two inscriptions mentioning 40 archisynagogoi are dated to the first to sixth centuries CE. " (Ancient Synagogues - ... of the inscription is a lapidary script similar to and consistent with Herodian script, therefore antedating 70 CE; (3) The stratigraphy of the site in which the inscription was found is Herodian and rules out a date later than 70 CE. He concludes that the synagogue in Jerusalem was constructed in the late 1st c. ... Recovered in a cistern about 50 metres due west of remains often identified as the Tower of Siloam, the dedication provides a valuable snapshot of a synagogue that existed in Jerusalem during the Second Temple period. This inscription was the centre of some controversy during the 1990s when Howard Kee challenged the earlier consensus that had dated it to the first century C.F-1 himself assigning an ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Jerusalem-synagogue-Greek-inscriptions-origin-ancient-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-archeology-Theodotos-Vettenos-archisynagogos-Freemen-Ophel-Cistern-18bc.htm

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First Century Synagogue Top Plans: New Testament Jericho 75 BC ... favor; (462) for he went out of the city to this fountain, and threw into the current an earthen vessel full of salt; after which he stretched out his righteous hand unto heaven, and, pouring out a ... No wall separated this room from the hall. Most of the room, which no doubt functioned as a triclinium, was occupied by a U-shaped bench. The synagogue was built of local building materials -- mud bricks on top of fieldstone foundations. (The same applies to both the Hasmonean and the Herodian winter palaces at the discussed site.) The whole building was undoubtedly coated with white lime plaster. The synagogue hall contained 12 pillars - five on the north and south, and an additional pillar at the center of the eastern and western sides. The nave's floor was found to consist of beaten earth; ... These two benches might have been removed during the lifetime of the synagogue, or alternatively, during looting of stones in the Herodian period. A single bench probably also existed along the hall's ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Jericho-bible-ancient-synagogues-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-Jesus-archeology-top-plan-bema-ark-of-scrolls-niche-mikveh-oven-samaritan-Bartimaeus-Zaccheus-75bc.htm

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Archeology of the Greek language at the Time of Christ ... Most of the Greek inscriptions were found in the coastal and important inland cities." (Caesarea under Roman rule, Lee Levine, Chapter 5, footnote 126, p198, 1975 AD) "The large quantity of archaeological finds relating to ancient ... are clearly attested during the period of Ezra and Nehemiah (late fifth and early fourth centuries bce), the tradition traces the practice of translating Scripture from Hebrew into Aramaic during a public reading to Ezra's reading of the Torah to the people of Jerusalem (Nehemiah 8; b. ... This was the first Temple of YHWH outside Judea: Elephantine in 530 BC See Full outline on YHWH temple at Elephantine History of the Elephantine Temple: The Jewish fortress of Elephantine likely dates back to Manasseh (667 BC) and ... The Jewish Elephantine temple was a simple "tabernacle of Moses" architectural design that would require a perimeter wall and a few interior walls. Such a simple structure could be built quickly. The Jewish temple at Elephantine Egypt ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Septuagint-LXX-Archeology-of-Bible-languages-Greek-Tanakh-synagogue-inscriptions-coins-Jewish-grave-tombstones-first-century-time-Jesus.htm

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Egyptian Conquest name list Maps: 1450 - 1279 BC. They're Digging ... Archaeology is an important science that confirms the historical accuracy of the Bible. Since the Bible refers to hundreds of cities, kings, and places, we would expect to find evidence from on-site excavations. And this is exactly what we have found. The Bible is the most historically ... This road was in continuous use throughout the Late Bronze Age. During this entire period its course remained constant. It was scrupulously maintained by Egypt, not merely for access to its Transjordanian principalities but also for ... On the twin towers of pylon-gateways, it was normal to feature northern foes (Syria-Palestine and beyond) and southern foes (Nubia and southward) and their lists respectively on one tower each (e. g. , Tuthmosis III, Pylons VI, VII, ... of Ptah" of Ramesses II and III, a full triumph-scene occupies the uppermost part of the stela, along with name-ovals (as described above) behind the deity and at times below the full scene, just as on a temple pylon-tower or wall. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-egyptian-conquest-map-topographical-name-lists-thutmoses-III-temple-amon-karnak-amenophis-III-soleb-ramesses-II-1450-1279bc.htm

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Eternal torment proved ... annihilation refuted ... In 1 Sa. 9:3, 20, Saul's asses were ahvad, i.e., lost. These asses were not annihilated, but lost. In Psalms 31:12, an ahvad vessel is merely broken, not annihilated. In Hab. 1:15, the word Gah rar means to catch something in a ... Apolia in Mark 14:4 refers to wasted perfume. Diapthero refers to moth-eaten cloth in Luke 12:33 katheiresis to the pulling down of a fortress (2 Cor. 10:4) kataluo refers to lodging for the night (Luke 9:12) kataryco to a fig tree which "encumbered the ground" (Luke 13:7); luo refers to putting off one's shoes ... The main word ahvad is the same word which is frequently translated as "destroy." We have already seen that it is erroneous to assume that ahvad means annihilation. Sha mad is found in Jer. 48:42 where Moab is said to be ... Jeremiah used another word, bah lah, in Lam. 3:4, saying that his flesh and skin were "made old," or consumed, i.e., he was consumed with grief, not annihilated. Kah lah is used in Ezek. 13:13 where hailstones "consumed" a wall, ... ... https://www.bible.ca/su-annihilation-refuted.htm

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Sign Acts in the Bible: Theatrical, prophetic and wrote Ecclesiastes and Song of Solomon as "self rebuke books". c. "It came about at that time, when Jeroboam went out of Jerusalem, that the prophet Ahijah the Shilonite found him on the road. ... This is the period where Adad-nirari II, Ben-hadad III and his son of Hazael oppressed Israel. But Ben-hadad III delivered Israel from the hand of Adad-nirair III as per 2 Ki 13:5. i. See outline: Ben-hadad III the deliverer of 2 Kings 13:5 ii. See also: Hazael, king of Aram (841-800 BC) Tel Dan "House of David" Inscription Tel Dan "House of David" Inscription, Victory Stele of Hazael: 841 BC c. ... LORD of hosts, "Just so will I break this people and this city, even as one breaks a potter's vessel, which cannot again be repaired; and they will bury in Topheth because there is no other place ... it before you and inscribe a city on it, Jerusalem. "Then lay siege against it, build a siege wall, raise up a ramp, pitch camps and place battering rams against it all around. "Then get yourself ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/Doctrine-bible-theatrical-sign-acts-prophets.htm

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