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51: Did Yahweh Have a Consort, Kuntillet Ajrud, Ze'ev Meshel, 1979 ...
The inscriptions contain the names of El and Yahweh, words for God used in the Hebrew Bible. Yahweh (spelled YHWH in Hebrew consonantal writing) is the holy name of the Hebrew God as it appears in the Bible. El, a generic term for God, is also used in the Bible to refer specifically to ... What I present here are tentative conclusions and alternative hypotheses about material which I, and other scholars, will be studying for years to come. Kuntillet Ajrud is located about forty miles south of Kadesh-Barnea and sits on a hill which rises beside the Wadi Quraiyaa. Old maps reveal that the site is a crossroads of desert tracks: one leads from Gaza through Kadesh-Barnea to Eilat; another traverses the ... Near the entrance to the western store room (10), fragments of another inscription on plaster were found. It too had originally been written on the jamb of the entrance to this store room. It resembles the other inscription in its poor state of preservation and fragmentary condition. It ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-did-yahweh-have-a-consort-kuntillet-ajrud-zeev-meshel-1979ad.htm
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52: bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ein-el-qudeirat-did-i-excavate ...
Paran (Numbers 13:3) and the Wilderness of Zin (Numbers 13:21), Kadesh-Barnea was the site of a series of seminal and dramatic events that befell the wandering Israelites during their years in the desert. ... Moses' brother, Aaron, died on Mount Hor because he had been unfaithful to God at the Waters of Merivah by Kadesh (Numbers 33:37, 38). There are many other Biblical references to Kadesh-Barnea—both earlier and later in Israel's history. According to Genesis 14:7, Abraham fought the Amalekites at "Ein-Mishpat, which is now Kadesh." Apparently the original name of the site ... It is still incomplete; four fragments are obviously missing. Although the study of the ostracon is only in a preliminary stage, it is possible to state that the ostracon consists of six vertical columns of ... The earliest fortress at Kadesh-Barnea belonged to an extensive fortress network which ran across the Central Negev, extending south from present-day Dimona, past Yeruham and Sde Boker, to the edge of the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ein-el-qudeirat-did-i-excavate-kadesh-barnea-rudolph-cohen-bar-1981ad.htm
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53: Khirbat en-Nahas Fortress: Part of Solomon's network of military ...
... The emergence of the Edomite kingdom was not contingent on the region having been dominated by the neo-Assyrian empire during the eighth and seventh BC. State formation more likely began several centuries earlier, rooted in local processes of ... operations were active at KEN. After the Conquest of 1406 BC, Judah displaced the Amorites Transjordan across the Arabah valley into modern Jordan: "The border of the Amorites ran from the ascent of Akrabbim, from Sela (Petra) and upward." Judges 1:34-36. The Moabites were in turn displaced north and east of the Dead Sea. At no time in history (except perhaps during the Babylonian captivity) has KEN been inside Edomite territory. Edom went from Kadesh Barnea (Petra) south to Ezion Geber at the Red Sea. ... The site is situated in an area where numerous outcrops of copper ore were mined in the Saharo -Arabian desert zone, at the eastern margin of the Araba/Arava valley that separates modern Jordan and Israel. The amount of slag left by the Iron ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-fortresses-khirbat-en-nahas.htm
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54: Mt. Karkom, Israel
... Ein el Qudeirat has been the universal choice for Kadesh Barnea since 1916 AD, before this they looked transjordan east of the Arabah valley in what is now modern Jordan. Ein el Qudeirat is not Kadesh Barnea, since it is located 27 km east ... descending from the mountainous area of the central Negev. It is shorter, but more difficult. (HK Archive; WARA W05904). Anati has guessed at the 11 stops on a map and calculated the distances. He seems overly concerned with finding natural water every 20km, when in fact the Israelites would carry a multi day supply of water with them. Anati says: "From various Biblical passages it appears that there are several ways to go from Horeb to Kadesh-Barnea. ... a human group in the desert could hardly have covered ... Click to View Panoramic view that is 170 degrees showing the Sphinx of Mt. Karkom. The safari truck is travelling east of south (about 70 degrees). There is an access road that leads from Highway 10 on the Israel/Egypt border. But access ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-mt-sinai-mt-har-karkom.htm
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55: Exodus Route Maps: Old, Ancient, Antique, Vintage and Modern ...
... Musa following Catholic tradition. 9. In 1822 AD, Johann Burckhardt discovers Petra and is the first man in history to correctly draw the Arabah Valley. 10. Historically up to 1831 AD, Kadesh was located transjordan either at or near Petra. In 1831, Karl Von Raumer's chose Ein Hasb for Kadesh Barnea, but this was rejected by Robinson in 1841 AD who placed Kadesh at Ain Weibeh just a few km south of Hasb. News of Petra's discovery opened up a new world of exploration in this area. Click here for ... The book of Jubilees clearly places Mt. Sinai in modern Saudi Arabia. The book of Jubilees says that "Mount Sinai the centre of the desert" in the land of Shem, not Ham. Since Ham settled in Egypt and the Sinai Peninsula and Canaan (the promised ... Our yellow dots trace over Bachiene's route so it can be see easier. Click to View 1762 AD: Carsten Niebuhr This is the very first map to name the correct crossing point of the Red Sea at the Straights of Tiran by marking the Island of Tiran! It ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-maps.htm
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56: Kuntillet Ajrud Fortress and Ostraca: One of Solomon's network ...
The Phoenician inscription is not a direct match for the Torah words in Numbers 6:24, but it is clearly a paraphrase. "The Arabic name, meaning "hill of the water-source," of a site located in N Sinai. (Kuntillet Ajrud, Ze'ev Meshel, Anchor ... The route and means of these connections are of great importance. Kuntillet Ajrud is located c. 50 km. south-west of Kadesh-Barnea; hence the assumption that Kadesh-Barnea served as a central station along the route from Israel and Judah to Kuntillet 'Ajrud. ... Hence Kadesh-Barnea and its fortress were not a factor in developing connections between Israel and Judah and Kuntillet 'Ajrud beyond the fact that Kadesh-Barnea formed an oasis along the desert route. This strengthens the conclusion that ... While it is in Phoenician script, not Paleo-Hebrew and while it uses different words than in the Torah, it is clearly a paraphrase of this most famous "priestly benediction" (Num 6:24f) also seen in the Silver Scroll that dates 130 years ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-fortresses-kuntillet-ajrud.htm
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57: They are digging up Bible stories! Start Page
... Although we have escaped the dark ages of science, we are still held in the shackles of the dark ages of Bible geography. While some Catholic and Orthodox scholars may even state Mt. Musa is not Mt. Sinai, there is absolutely no chance that the ... John Rowlands goes down in history as the man who plunged the search for Kadesh Barnea in to the "Dark Ages" (1881 AD - present). But Ein El Qedeis would be just another desert spring without Henry Clay Trumbull who is responsible for literally deceiving the entire world into believing it was Kadesh Barnea. The "one-two punch" of Rowland-Trumbull moved the worlds attention for the location of Kadesh from the Transjordan Arabah to where it has been presently located on all Bible maps since 1916 ... We however reject both Qedeis and Qudeirat as Kadesh Barnea and believe it is located at or near Petra. This "similarity of name" argument became the most important "proof" that Kadesh Barnea had been found at Ein Qedeis until Ein el-Qudeirat ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-start-here.htm
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58: Miracles of the Exodus and the Red Sea crossing
9:21) c. "You go before them in a pillar of cloud by day and in a pillar of fire by night" Num 14:14. d. "who goes before you on your way, to seek out a place for you to encamp, in fire by ... So You led Your people, To make for Yourself a glorious name." (Isaiah 63:11-14) 5. Miraculous food and water: "Can God prepare a table in the wilderness?" Psalm 78:18-20 a. Israel departed Egypt with few food and water provisions: Exodus 12:34,39 b. God provided rain for water when needed, in addition to the split rock at Mt. Horeb and Kadesh Barnea: Exodus 17:6; Numbers 20:11; Psalm 68:7-9; 78:15; 105:40-41; 107:35; ... A. It was entirely by God's power that a city of 2-3 million survived in the desert for 40 years: "Moses said to the people, "Remember this day in which you went out from Egypt, from the ... Man did eat the bread of angels; He sent them food in abundance. He caused the east wind to blow in the heavens And by His power He directed the south wind. When He rained meat upon them like ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-red-sea-miracles.htm
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59: The historical territory of the Amorites in the Bible
... Nebo and Madaba was part of Moab's territory and called the Pains of Moab: Deut 32:49; Isa 15:2. This is also where the book of Numbers was written at: Num 36:13. C. Amorite Territory after the conquest: 1380 - 950 BC Click to View In ... However, after defeating the Amorites, with God's help, they were displaced south of the Arnon River to Petra. (This in turn displaced the Edomites south to their historic stronghold in the mountains south of Petra.) But the Amorites ... The border of the Amorites ran from the ascent of Akrabbim, from Sela and upward." Judges 1:34-36 The ascent of Akrabbim must be on the east side of the Arabah valley. We also know where Petra (Kadesh Barnea, Sela) was located. Judges 1:34-36 recounts places where Israel failed to ... Jair the son of Manasseh went and took its towns, and called them Havvoth-jair. Nobah went and took Kenath and its villages, and called it Nobah after his own name." Numbers 32:33-42 "Then Israel sent messengers to Sihon, king of the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-amorites.htm
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60: Egyptian Conquest name list Maps: 1450 - 1279 BC. They're Digging ...
... Amenophis III list Temple in Soleb Nubia at ʿAmarah West 1387-1350 BC Ramesses II List Amon Temple at Karnak 1279-1212 BC Archeology Modern name, city or tell Melah (Salt Sea) - (Yamm) ha-Melach - Yam ha-Melach Iyim, Iye-abarim: Num 33:44 (border of Moab) Iyyin - - Medeiyineh Heres/Hareseth - Hareseth ... This is the greatest of the Egyptian topographical lists, containing 119 place-names associated with numerous routes in Palestine, Transjordan, Lebanon and Syria. The route of the Arabah to the Plains of Moab names, in order from south to north, four stations: ... but incompletely (e. g. , Irem, 11-23, Libya, 88-116), or probably notionally (e. g. ,Medja, 78-85, Kenset, 86-87; desert zones), or simply traded with, they being independent throughout (e. g. ,Punt, 48-77). ... He includes Qatna in his ideological realm, as later do Sethos I and Ramesses II. But Qatna no longer existed as a viable entity so late as Haremhab. It was a great central-Syrian city-state down to Akhenaten's ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-egyptian-conquest-map-topographical-name-lists-thutmoses-III-temple-amon-karnak-amenophis-III-soleb-ramesses-II-1450-1279bc.htm
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61: The Exodus Route: Travel times, distances, rates of travel, days ...
... Israel spent 343 days (11 lunar months and 19 days) camped in the Wilderness of Sinai (Num 10:11) while Moses received the law and Israel built the Tabernacle tent. The journey from Mt. Sinai through Ezion Geber (Numbers 33:35-36) to Kadesh Barnea, was 20 stops over a period of about 11 months. Israel spends 38 years camped at Kadesh Barnea located at modern Petra. Aaron died on the 1st day of the 5th month of the 40th year of the wilderness wandering (summer 1407 BC). Shortly after mourning Aaron for 30 days, the people left Mount Hor which was beside Petra (Kadesh) and moved south to the Red Sea ("Yam ... Of that month there are seventeen days left, if you include the fourteenth day itself, on which the Passover begins. We come now to the desert, where the law was given, and this is what ... The Darius stele reads: "I seized Egypt; I gave order to dig this canal from a river by name Nile which flows in Egypt, to the sea which goes from Persia. Afterward this canal was dug thus as I ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-travel-times-distances-days.htm
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62: enclosed-settlements-negeb-wilderness-beer-sheba-zeev-herzog ...
... Meshel (1977: 133), on the other hand, feels that they represent the initial conquest of the desert and a "show of force" toward the local inhabitants on the part of the central government. ... disjunctive nature of the inner line of walls is striking—even in spite of the fragmentary state of the remains—as seen in the small corners at the junctions of the two inner segments (fig. 2:2). ... Hence, this region might have been another nucleus of 11 th century occupation—as might be expected from the prominent role of Kadesh-barnea in the formative stage of Israelite history. All the rest of ... This conflict is apparently reflected in the biblical tradition of the defeat of the Israelites by the Amalekites (Num 14:44-45; cf. 1 Sam 15:2). In the 12th century B.C. the pit dwellings at ... This new wave of settlement was apparently the result of Philistine pressure in the Shephela of Judah that drove the ever-increasing Israelite population into the more arid zones in the south. The ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-enclosed-settlements-negeb-wilderness-beer-sheba-zeev-herzog-1983ad.htm
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63: Rehoboam, Shishak I (945-924 BC ) Canaan battle relief topographical ...
... Natives of Nubia: Cushites: Num 12:1 4 Libya: Ezekiel 30:5 5 Sekhet-Iam 6 Oases, Beduin of Asia 7 Eastern Desert dwellers 8 Upper Nubia 9 Northerners 10 "List of the towns" Title 11 Gaza Genesis 10:19 12 ... Ngb-3sht,Negev of Kenites and Shuhathites: 1 Chron 4:11 94/95 Hagr-Hanan, Fort of Ben-Hanan, Possible clan name 1 Chron 4:20 96/97 Hagr-el-gad, Fort of Hazer Gaddah, west negev Josh 15:27 98 3dm Edom? ... Borot Loz ponds. "And above all, south of Qadesh Barnea along important Darb Ghazza, the main route to the Gulf of Eilat, not even one fortress has been found" ("Aharoni Fortress" near Quseima, Zeev Meshel, 1994 AD) 124 Bt-nt, Beth-Anoth: near Hebron Josh 15:59 m 125 šrḥn, Sharuhen (not Shilhim: Josh 15:32) Josh 19:6 m 126 El-Mat[t]en Num 21:18-19 127 grni, Goren, "threshing ... XI:4 ngrn? "well of the threshing floor" Ain Goren. (not likely Ekron) Possibly "Ain", Ain, Qudeirat, misidentified as Kadesh Barnea since 1914 AD. However we know there was a fortress at Qudeirat that ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-sheshonq-I-shoshenq-shishak-shishaq-bubastite-karnak-conquest-campaign-canaan-battle-relief-topographical-list-187-cities-conquered-name-rings-926bc.htm
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64: bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-petra-rami-g-khouri-petra ...
... Evidence from papyrus documents in the archive of Zenon of Caunus, in Egypt, proves the Nabataeans were in the Hauran region of southern Syria by 259 BC, and refers to 'Rabbel', a common Nabataean royal name. A King Rabbel I may have reigned in the second half of the 2nd century BC. Diodorus' accounts mention that ... The Province of Arabia, important for its agricultural lands, cities and trade routes, had to be defended against two recurring threats from the east and south-east - the marauding Arab tribes from the desert, and the formidable kingdom of Persia. The Romans installed the Third Cyrenaica legion at Bostra to provide security throughout the province, with the ... Anthropomorphic idols of this sort are known from excavations at Petra and other Nabataean sites in Jordan and Arabia, and this one is thought to date from the first half of the 1st century AD. At both ends of the paved road behind the niche is the best preserved example of the original state of the water channel, ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-petra-rami-g-khouri-petra-a-guide-to-the-capital-of-the-nabataeans-1986ad.htm
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65: The Iron Age Fortresses at En Haseva, Rudolph Cohen, 1995 AD
Astonishing assemblage of clay vessels and stone altars highlights the recent discoveries unearthed at the Arabah site of En Haseva.1 The fortresses at this crucial commercial crossroads were among ... While the Horvat Qitmit finds are dated to shortly before or soon after the end of the Judean state, the collection at (En Haseva, as well as the construc-tion of the shrine, may have emerged ... Negbite ware has been found at Tell el-Kheleifeh (Glueck 1939:13f; 1940:17f; Pratico 1985:23f) and in all three fortresses uncovered at Kadesh-Barnea (Cohen 1981;1983a), dating from the tenth to the ... As in the periods preceding and following, (En Haseva of the seventh-sixth centuries BCE stood at an important junc-tion with trade and communication arteries leading northwest, south, east, and ... Today, how-ever, he supports the idea that the Negev dwellers were involved in the establishment of these forts (Meshe11994:54). That it was desert nomads who built the sites/forts/settlements in ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-iron-age-fortresses-negev-ein-haseva-rudolph-cohen-1995ad.htm
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66: Basta, Jordan: Biblical Kadesh Barnea. slaughterhouse, crop storage ...
... Basta has all the earmarks of not only being a single occupation site but one that was abandoned en masse, then buried through desert sandstorms. 1. "If this scenario were true it would offer an ... The Architecture And Stratigraphy, Gebel, Nissen, Zaid, p182, 2006 AD) 6. "Depending on what state of development is intended to show, everything that happened after the abandonment has to be ... G. Kosher Faunal Bone Report: Faunal Report: A Massive assemblage of 100,000 kosher bones, possibly from the 38 years at Kadesh Barnea. The excavators at Basta commented that this low percentage of pig ... We succeeded in defining its northern, eastern and western boundaries, while on the south it continues at least up to Square N35 (where there were fewer bones in the deposit). Its depth varies from ... It lies at 1420-1460 m above sea level in a limestone-area within a mountainous belt that parallels the Jordan Rift Valley along its eastern margin." (Analysis of mammalian bones from Basta, a ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-petra-Basta-storage-slaughter-house-city-100000-bones.htm
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67: Reconstructing Petra Smithsonian: June 2007; Vol 38 Num 3 By ...
Smithsonian: June 2007; Vol 38 Num 3 By Andrew Lawler (Reconstructing Petra, Smithsonian: June 2007; Vol 38, Num 3, Andrew Lawler ) Two thousand years ago, it was the capital of a powerful ... Directly ahead is a sheer cliff lined with elegant carvings reminiscent of Greek and Roman temples, a surreal vision in this remote mountain valley surrounded by desert. This is the back door to Petra, whose very name means rock in Greek. ... NO ONE KNOWS where the Nabateans came from. Around 400 BC, the Arab tribe swept into the mountainous region nestled between the Sinai and Arabian peninsulas and the Mediterranean Sea. At ... At the base of the hill, adjacent to the Great Temple, Leigh-Ann Bedal, a former student of Joukowsky's now at Pennsylvania State University in Erie, uncovered the remains of a large ... But the growing sea trade to the south had sucked away business, while rival caravan cities to the north such as Palmyra challenged Petra's dominance by land. Then, on May 19, A.D. 363, a ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-petra-smithsonian-june-2007-vol38-num3.htm
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68: The "Aharoni Fortress" Near Quseima and the "Israelite Fortresses ...
... The failure to build next to permanent water sources (except for Qadesh Barnea`) and the recourse to cisterns also present problems; but this is the case with regard to both state-initiated and ... close ties between the head of the Gulf of Eilat, the southern Arabah, Transjordan, and the Mediterranean coast, with the Beersheba Valley as a venue of transit . . . . (Finkelstein 1984: 200). ... How can we explain the lack of way-stations along the routes to Qadesh Barnea and `Ein Hazevah? And "above all, south of Qadesh Barnea along important Darb Ghazza, the main route to the Gulf of Eilat, not even ... these points are even more crucial in regard to Horvat Teman (Kuntillet `Ajrud), even farther away in the desert, but its links with Judah and Israel are unquestionable (see, e.g., Meshel 1992b). ... Bruins, J. H. 1986 Desert Environment and Agriculture in the Central Negev and Kadesh Barnea During His-torical Periods. Nijkerk: Midbar Foundation. Cohen, R. 1979 The Iron Age Fortresses in the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-aharoni-fortress-near-quseima-israelite-fortresses-in-negev-zeev-meshel-1994ad.htm
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69: The Exodus Route: The Archaeology of Mt. Lawz as Mt. Sinai
... Sinai and Mt. Horeb, Wilderness of Shur, Midian, the desert of the Saracens, wilderness of Paran, Arabian Desert were all were all Transjordan. D. Historic search for Mt. Sinai: 1878 - 1938 AD 1. ... The main camp of the Israelites was thus not pitched by the settlement in which Jethro dwelt. The latter must be sought, according to the configuration of the ground, to the south of al-Bed', ... Sinai (and the wilderness of Sinai where the camp was located) a. The Hebrews will spend 11 months, 5 days at Sinai before moving north to Kadesh Barnea. b. Moses brought water out of the rock the first ... Nisan 14: Passover lambs killed before sunset and eaten on Nisan 15 Wed evening. Day 1 Goshen Nisan 15: Departed in Daylight Num 33:3 2 3 Start counting 7 Sabbaths for Pentecost 4 5 6 7 8 9 Succoth ... And again, "here are no structural signs of windows or portals" (ibid. p253) A portal is another name for a door or passageway. (ibid. p247). Fritz's two statements about there being "no doors" is ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-mt-sinai.htm
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70: Thutmoses III was Pharaoh of the Exodus in 1446 BC
... they fail to mark the death of Joshua in 1356 BC who burned Hazor the first time in 1401 BC. Joshua was Moses' "youth servant" (Ex 33:11; Num 11:28) who was born in 1466 BC, was 20 years old at Mt. ... I at ca. 1550 b.c. If, however, we follow the theory of Krauss that all Sothis observations were taken far south in Elephantine, then the 18th Dyn. would have begun 11 years later, in 1539 b.c. ... Unless this is another case of exaggeration like the Merneptah stele, it appears Thutmoses III had conquered the promised land at the time Israel was at Kadesh Barnea. He was powerful enough, that he may ... So Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its normal state at daybreak, while the Egyptians were fleeing right into it; then the Lord overthrew the Egyptians in the ... According to Egyptian religion, removing the name or image of a deceased person was a direct assault on his/her spirit. For him to live forever in the Field of Reeds, his body, image, or name must ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-date-1440bc.htm
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71: The Amarna Letters and tablets 1406 - 1340 BC. Conquest of Joshua ...
Spelling the ThutMOSES 18th dynasty of pharaohs as "Thutmosis" or "Thothmes" in an effort to remove the name of MOSES from the name to break the obvious connection ... Choosing to arrange the 382 Amarna by numbering them 1-382, where 1 is in the north and 382 is in the south. The conquest happened south to north and if I had my way, ... They started counting sabbatical years and Jubilee after crossing the Jordan. (Num 33:38; 20:28; Deut 34:8; Josh 4:19; 5:10) From Josh 14:10 we know that Caleb was ... chieftain was "man" (awīlu: man with legal status) of such-and-such a city-state, and his appointed office, under an Egyptian overseer (a rabiṣu-official), was ... Hebron Qiltu (might be Keilah) Shuwardata Jerusalem Jerusalem Abdi-heba Joppa Yapu Kadesh on the Orontes Qidsu, Qissa, Qinsa Etakkama/Aituamma Keilah Qiltu (Might be ... so that you may come out together with archers and fall upon the land of Amurru? 11-16 If they hear of archers coming out, they will abandon their cities and desert. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-maps-conquest-amarna-tablets-letters-akhenaten-habiru-abiru-hebrews-1404-1340bc.htm
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72: The Levitical Priesthood
... The Kohathites camped on the south side of the tabernacle: Numbers 3:29 b. Duties: holy items like carrying the Ark of the Covenant, the lampstand, altars, utensils with poles: 1. "The families of ... Each item is assigned individually to a man who carries it with his bare hands and place the items on 4 carts: Num 7:8; 3:36-37; 4:29-33 1. "The Levites, however, were not numbered among them by ... David used Heman (Kohathite) as a wise man, prophet (seer), temple singer, music composer and author of Ps 88: i. Heman was a Kohathite through Izhar, Korah (who got killed at Kadesh Barnea for rebellion ... (1 Chronicles 15:16-17) 2. "With them were Heman and Jeduthun, and the rest who were chosen, who were designated by name, to give thanks to the LORD, because His lovingkindness is everlasting. ... However, the reverse may be true in that everyone know Jeremiah was the son of the high priest and that is why it was not necessary state such. ii. The town of Anathoth is where Jeremiah lived. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/archeology-exodus-route-sinai-levitical-priesthood-levi-gershomites-kohathites-merarites-aaronic-zadok-asaph-heman-ethan-abiathar-eli-sadducees-annas-caiaphas-ananias.htm
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73: Jordan River source, headwater, tel Dan Paneas, Caesarea philipi ...
Hebron used 15 times in Genesis, Joshua and Judges: Gen 13:18; 23:19; 37:14; Num 13:22; Josh 10:3,5,23,36,39; 11:21; 12:10; 14:13; 21:13; Judges 1:20 Coins: darics of ... and is not far out of the road on the right hand; (511) and indeed it hath its name of Phiala [vial or bow] very justly, from the roundness of its circumference, as ... the middle of the lake Gennesareth; after which it runs a long way over a desert, and then makes its exit into the lake Asphaltitis." (Josephus, Wars 3.509-515) d. ... After two summit meetings of the 13 Arab League Heads of State gathered in Cairo, 13-17 January 1964 construction began to divert the Hasbani river, Litani river and ... V. The Salt Sea (Dead Sea) 1. The Bible never calls the Salt Sea, THE DEAD SEA. a. Sea of the Arabah: Deuteronomy 3:17 b. the valley of Siddim: Gen 14:3 c. East Sea: ... by the Dead Sea is located about 3 km south of Qum'ran on highway 90. A compulsive scientist, Ernest immediately set about observing and recording the change. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-jordan-river-down-from-dan-headwaters-source-mt-herrmon-tel-dan-caesarea-philipi-paneas-temple-of-pan-salt-dead-sea-1340bc.htm
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74: Transjordan Early Edom And Moab 1900 BC
... List, KRI 11:178, No.19. 35. The actual state of the wall and of the texts is clearly represented in Kitchen 1964:49, fig.7, AI, A and B (the photo in p1.3 is not ... Orientalia n.s. 26:339-345. 1987 Les Lettres d'El Amarna. Paris. Murnane, W.J. 1985 The Road to Kadesh SAOC 42: Chicago. Newberry, P.E. 1893 Beni Hasan I. London. ... It was certainly a stronghold of importance near the ancient north-south route and another one branching off to Wadi Arabah for more than 4000 years, undoubtedly also ... for the particular location of the site on Baja III. A defensive plan of the Assyrians could have been imposed in the region against the desert tribes (Hart 1986:58). ... Lindner and Farajat 1987)? Umm el-Ala: an Edomite fortress south of Petra It was by pure chance that after Baja III another Iron II (Edomite) site should have been discovered. When I was invited by the then Director-General of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan to survey the valley of es-Sadeh, not even the name of it was ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-edomites-early-edom-and-moab-piotr-bienkowski-1992ad.htm
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75: The Exodus Route: Red Sea Camp at the Straits of Tiran
In AD 2005, using the Bible only, Steven Rudd noticed 42 keys to decoding the Exodus Route that indicated the Red Sea crossing was at the Straits of Tiran, Mt. Sinai was in Saudi Arabia and Kadesh Barnea ... Geographic reference Israelite Camp: Exodus 14:2,9 Israelite Camp: Num 33:7 Pi-hahiroth "mouth of water" before Pi-hahiroth turn back to Pi-hahiroth Migdol "watchtower" between Migdol and the sea ... away at Adam, the city that is beside Zarethan; and those which were flowing down toward the sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, were completely cut off. So the people crossed opposite Jericho. ... to them, "Repent, and each of you be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins; and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit." (Acts 2:38) c. "'Now why do you delay? ... B. The geology, topography, watershed and bathymetric data of the Gulf of Aqaba: 1. There are six "deeps" in the Gulf of Aqaba: (listed north to south) a. Elat Deep: 950 meters b. Aragonese Deep: ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-straits-of-tiran.htm
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76: Maps: Agatharchides 169 BC: Petra and the Wilderness of Shur
... Palm Grove is Tiran Island on the Arabian side (east side) of the Red Sea and Poseidon is likely located near Maqnah on the Gulf of Aqaba, west of Al Bad. 9. Petra (Kadesh Barnea): a. In fragment 89a, ... and possibly Midian - see Josephus Antiquities 2.259) there is also found the animal Greeks call 'camelopard' (Giraffe), an animal that, like its name, has in a certain sense a composite nature.' ... Click to View 1. Immediately adjacent to the Straits of Tiran: Entry 87: Fragments a,b a. 87a. But we shall take up the remaining portion, the opposite shore which joins Arabia (south of Gulf of ... In response to the abundance of animals which breed there, crowds of lions, wolves and leopards gather from the desert. Against these the herdsmen are compelled to fight day and night in defense of ... Diodorus 49 BC, 3.45.3) 2. Entry 97, fragments a,b,c a. 97a. The Debae inhabit the region that borders on the mountainous district. Some are nomads and some are farmers. Through the middle of their ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-red-sea-agatharchides-of-cnidus-on-the-erythraean-sea-169bc.htm
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77: Sabbatatrians Refuted and Sabbath keepers Exposed: 2011 AD
... prior to Exodus 16. Here is what the Law of Moses has to say about Sabbath-breaking: Num 15:32 - 36 (NIV) 32While the Israelites were in the desert, a man was found gathering wood on the Sabbath day. 33Those who found him gathering wood ... The format of the Biblical Month: Note: Moon phases are approximate, and are shown for the Northern Hemisphere; If you're south of the Equator, they are reversed. The reason most Jews ... Furthermore, the theory that the wandering Sabbath had to be moved to "fixed" Saturday because the pagan name for the fixed 7th day, Saturday, was related to the word from any language ... MONTH WITH HER PHASES." "Although this interesting production, in its present mutilated state," elicits Webster, "mentions only the seventh and fourteenth days, we are entitled to ... APOLOGIST BRENDAN: From the time that the Israelites refused to enter the Promised Land at Kadesh, the Scriptures reveal that the Hebrews were forbidden from performing circumcision ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/7-lying-for-god-Kerry-Wynne.htm
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78: bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-arabah
from the entrance of Hamath as far as the Sea of the Arabah [Dead Sea], according to the word of the Lord, the God of Israel, which He spoke through His servant Jonah the son of Amittai, the prophet, who was of Gath-hepher." 2 Kings 14:25 "The wilderness and the desert will be glad, And the Arabah will rejoice and blossom; Like the crocus" Isaiah 35:1 "Then the lame will leap like a deer, And the tongue of the mute will shout for joy. For waters will break forth in the wilderness And streams in the Arabah." ... Deuteronomy 11:30 "the waters which were flowing down from above stood and rose up in one heap, a great distance away at Adam, the city that is beside Zarethan; and those which were flowing down toward the sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, were completely cut off. So the people crossed opposite Jericho." Joshua 3:16 "and to the kings who were of the north in the hill country, and in the Arabah-south of Chinneroth [Galilee] and in the lowland and on the heights of Dor on the west-" ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-arabah.htm
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79: Pots and Polities: Material Remains of Late Iron Age Judah in ...
... On the other hand, the pluralistic concept recognized the existence of neighboring political entities, which had rights; and this recognition resulted in a state of ... remained in Judah (Jeremiah 34:7, and the Lachish Letters [Torczyner 1938]), as did En Gedi in the east and Arad in the south (the Arad ostraca [Aharoni 1981]). ... The heartland of Judah included the Judaean mountains, Benjamin, the Ju-daean desert, and the biblical Negev. Clearly, transjordan, northern Israel, Phoenicia, and ... In Ashdod, for example, there is one JPF fragment among some 60 anthropomorphic figurine fragments. Four JPF are known from Jericho, and the same num-ber from Bethel ... The HRF database is limited; their distribution is given in table 1; Fifty belong without question to type 1; all were found in Judah, except one from Qadesh Barnea. ... Megabelin 3 3 Rabat Ammon 5 1 6 Tell Deir Alla 1? 1 2 Tell el-Mazar 2 2 Other Sites Kadesh Barnea 1 1 2 TOTAL 50 66 9(+1?) 9(+6?) 10(+6?) 6(+1?) 120 284 * Question ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-pots-and-polities-material-remains-of-late-iron-age-judah-in-relation-to-its-political-borders-raz-kletter-1999ad.htm
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80: The wilderness of Zin: Located transjordan north of Petra
The wilderness of Zin: Most maps have the wilderness of Zin in the wrong place. Kadesh Barnea was in the wilderness of Zin: Num 27:14; 33:26 Both the wilderness of Paran and the Wilderness of Zin included Kadesh Barnea It is between the ascent of Akrabbim and Kadesh. Josh 15:3 The Wilderness of Zin is located north and east of Kadesh Barnea, whereas the wilderness of Paran is located south and east of Kadesh Barnea. It is large wilderness area just east of Petra that runs in a north-south direction. It is adjacent to the land Moab: Num 34:3 The wilderness of Zin does not extend west of the Arabah Valley and is entirely "transjordan". If Kadesh was at Qudeirat, then wilderness of Zin, would be inside the middle of Judah's Territory. Yet we never find any references to the wilderness of Zin in the Bible except in connection with the exodus. This proves the both Kadesh and the wilderness of Zin are transjordan (at Petra). Click to View What the Bible says about the wilderness of Zin: ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-wilderness-of-zin.htm
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81: The Onomasticon by Eusebius (325AD) and the Exodus route
Onomasticon is derived from the Greek: "book or list of names" Onomasticon is like a modern dictionary where you look up a name of a place and he defines it. This is a remarkable work and no doubt was used by Queen Helena in her tour of the Holy ... Kadesh Barnea and Mt. Hor as being at Petra. Second, he defines Midian, as in modern Saudi Arabia, where Jethro and the Ishmaelites lived. Eusebius says that Tamar (Thamar, Asasonthamar) is "located near the wilderness of Cades" (Kadesh Barnea). It is also located on the Madaba Map on the southern shore of the Dead Sea. This proves that from the time of Josephus to the time of the Madaba Map in 550 AD, everyone placed Kadesh at Petra. The wilderness of Paran is equated with the desert of the ... All this was pointed out to us by the holy men." (Egeria, pilgrimage of, 381 AD). In fact when Egeria stood on top of Mt. Musa and looked south at the "lands of the Saracens" she could see with the naked eye, the true Mt. Sinai (Mt. Al-Lawz), ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-ancient-geographers-eusebius-onomasticon-323ad.htm
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82: Solomon's Fortress at Elat, Aqaba: Tell el-Kheleifeh and Jezirat ...
Ezion-Geber is the only "stop" of the exodus route that is known for sure where it is located. (Num 33:36) Scripture says it was located on the shore of the Red Sea, in the land of Edom, very near Elat. Both Elat and Ezion Geber are located at the north end of the Gulf of Aqaba. One of the critical factors of Ezion-Geber, is that it was one stop before the 11 day journey from Mt. Sinai to Kadesh Barnea (Deut 1:2), by way of Mt. Seir. Mt. Sinai located at Jebel Al-Lawz in modern Saudi Arabia and ... B. The Onomasticon lists Elat: view The Onomasticon Ailam (Ailath). Is situated at the extremity of Palestine between the southern desert and the Red Sea where cargo was transported by ship from both Egypt and India. A detachment of the Tenth Roman ... Josephus said that Kadesh was located at Petra in 110 AD. Although it is 100 km from Ezion-geber, they traveled up the Arabah Valley to get to Kadesh at Petra. Since the Arabah Valley had no towns or outstanding geologic features that the Hebrews ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-ezion-geber-elat-aqaba.htm
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83: Amalek and the Amalekites
Genesis 25:18 They liked to live in mountainous terrain: Judges 12:15 So based upon 1 Sam 15:6-7 and 1 Sam 27:8, we can see that the Amalekite territory was between Havilah and Shur. The Amalekites lived transjordan between Babylon and Ezion ... of the Arabah Valley. This proves Egypt's border was the Wadi el-Arish. The Amalekites lived near Kadesh Barnea at the time of Abraham: Genesis 14:7 The Amalekites were living in Mt. Seir (Edom) at the time of the conquest: 1 Chronicles 4:42-43 One stop before they reached Sinai, Amalek came to fight Moses at Rephidim: Ex 17:8 At Kadesh Barnea (near or at Petra), when the spies brought back a bad report, Israel was warned not to enter the promised land or else the Amalekites and the Canaanites would defeat Israel. At this point, the Amalekites are living in the Negev which would become the territory of Judah: Numbers 13:29. Notice also that Moses told them to turn south away from the promised land and take the "wilderness by the way of the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-amalekites.htm
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84: Master Index of Free Bible Maps of Bible Times and Lands
Wildernesses, plains, valleys Babylon 700 km E. Negev "dry south country" Northern Arabah: 2 Sam 2:29 Plain of Sharon Shepherd's field Sinai Peninsula was Egyptian Territory from 1500 BC to 106 AD Valley of Beracah Valley of Elah Valley of Jezreel Wilderness of Egypt (Sinai Peninsula) Wilderness of the land of Egypt (Ezek 20:36) Way of the Wilderness to the Red Sea (Ex 13:18) The Wilderness to the Red Sea (Judg 11:16) Wilderness of the Sea (Isa 21:1) Wilderness of Kadesh: Ps ... Chephirah (Kefireh) Chorazin Daberath (Kh.Dabbura) Damascus Dan, Laish (Judge 18:30) Debir, Kiriath-sannah/sepher (Khirbat Rabud) Dibon: Num 21:30; 32:34 Moabite Stone: 2 Ki 3:4 Dion (Tel Ashari) Dor Dothan Ebenezer (Izbet Sartah) Edrei Eglon Ekron (Tell ... Jericho Jerusalem Jeshanah (Burj el-Isaneh) Jezreel (Tell Yizra'al) Jokmeam (Tell esh-Sheikh Dhiab) Joppa (Tel Aviv) Juttah Kadesh Barnea Judges 1:36; Deut 1:46, 2 Ki 14:7 Kamon (Qamm, Qumeim) Kartan (Khirbet el-Qureiyeh) Kedesh-Naphtali Keilah (Kh. Qila) ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/maps/bible-maps-master-index.htm
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85: Negev Pottery: "Negev ware" "Negevite ware" Crude, hand made ...
... Cohen attributes the pottery to nomadic peoples: "The writer agrees that Negev ware properly should be associated with the wandering desert tribes and would further suggest that it be connected specifically with the Kenites, particularly in view of the fact that, in the Old Testament, a close relationship is posited between them and the Israelites (e.g., 1 Sam 15:6)" (Excavations At Kadesh-Barnea: 1976-1978, Ein el-Qudeirat, Rudolph Cohen, 1981 AD) However it might be better ... We soon abandoned this idea when it became apparent how common this pottery was on contemporary sites in the Negeb, as well as in the Wadi Arabah and at Tell el-Kheleifeh. Many of these crude, handmade vessels, with which appeared more familiar types of ... Land of Midian'. In the Central Negev, in the area south of the Jeruham valley and north of the Makhtesh Ramon, there existed numerous settlements based on dry farming in terraced wadi beds and the use of cisterns and run-off rain water for irrigation. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-negev-ware-negevite-ware-hand-made-pottery.htm
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86: The Civilization of the Edomites, Nelson Glueck
However, Glueck does clearly state that the territory of Edom was entirely transjordan. (The Civilization of the Edomites, Nelson Glueck, 1947 AD) At the beginning of the 13th century B. C. a new agricultural civilization appeared in Transjordan belonging to the Edomites, Moabites, Ammonites and Amorites. ... Fully as important, however, for the partition of Eastern Palestine into the kingdoms of Edom, Moab, Ammon, and the two Amorite kingdoms of Gilead, were the natural land divisions of the entire country. It is bounded on the west by the Wadi Arabah, the Dead Sea and the Jordan River Valley, on the east and south by the desert, on the north by the wide and deep and precipitous Wadi ... These verses reflect the Idumaean settlement in southern Palestine, where many Edomites settled after being expelled from Edom proper by the Nabataeans, who in time took over their former territory. These Edomites became known as Idumaeans, when their name was grecized. From their midst stemmed Herod the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-civilization-of-the-edomites-nelson-glueck-1947ad.htm
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87: Abijah King of Judah 914-911 BC. They're Digging up Bible Stories ...
... Exodus 32:35 e. Golden Calf at Sinai: "Nor let us act immorally, as some of them did, and 23,000 thousand fell in one day." 1 Corinthians 10:8 f. In the Zered Wady valley after leaving Kadesh Barnea for the promised land: "The Lord sent fiery serpents among the people and they bit the people, so that many people of Israel died." Numbers 21:6 g. 120,070 ... So Israel has been in rebellion against the house of David to this day." (1 Kings 12:18-19) b. Jeroboam set up two sanctuaries: in the north at Dan and in the south at Bethel. c. The border was now south of Bethel because Jeroboam had set up an altar with a golden calf there. d. Abijah recaptured Bethel and Ephron, which ... gods which you made for yourselves. "Therefore, I will make you go into exile beyond Damascus," says the Lord, whose name is the God of hosts." (Amos 5:21-27) Conclusion: 1. Was Abijah the double-minded "good king, bad king" who worshipped idols and YHWH at the same time or was he a good king who turned to the dark side? ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-abijah-king-of-judah-914-911bc.htm
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88: The Exodus Route: Red Sea Crossing
the Wilderness of Shur was in Midian where Ishmael settled. We do not know for certain any of the following places: Mt. Sinai, Wilderness of Sinai, Kadesh Barnea, Wilderness of Zin, Wilderness of Paran. All these places are interdependent on each other. ... The gulf of Aqaba is called the Red Sea and is what the average Hebrew thought of when referring to the Red Sea: Ex 23:31; Num 21:4; Deut 2:1; Judges 11:16; 1 Kings 9:26. The gulf of Suez is called the Red Sea only once: Ex 10:19. No freshwater ... Likewise calling the Red Sea "Sea of Seaweed" biases towards a saltwater body. Although the Gulf of Aqaba is the Red sea, we feel it best to just stick with what the Bible called it. The correct name therefore is "Red Sea". Let us forever cease ... Judge 11:16 Those who believe Israel crossed at the north tip of the Gulf of Suez fail to harmonize the sequence of "Wilderness travel before Red Sea". They trace the route due south from Goshen towards the western side of the Gulf of Suez, then ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-goshen-red-sea.htm
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89: Nimrod and the Archaeology of the Tower of Babel by Steven Rudd ...
... City founded by Nimrod in 3000 BC (Gen 10:11). Located 50 km south of Nineveh. 8. Calneh: Unknown southern city founded by Nimrod in 3200 BC (Gen 10:10) 9. Choga Mish: Nimrod's bread factory where 250,000 Bevel Rim Bowls were found. Located 30 km east of Susa. 10. Değirmen Tepe: Northern city under Kingdom of Ararat. Founded c. 3250 BC and invaded by Nimrod in 3000 BC. Located near source of Euphrates River. 11. El-Beidha: En Mishpat (Gen 14:7), Kadesh Barnea, later Petra. Founded after Tower of Babel in 2850 BC. 12. Erech = Uruk: Southern city founded by Nimrod in 3200 BC (Gen 10:10). Located east of Babel. 13. Eridu: (Babel) Southern city founded by Nimrod in 3200 BC (Gen 10:10). Alternate Sumerian name for Biblical Babel and location of ... Vowel accents were added to the Hebrew alphabet for correct soundings. In the 1880's when the long extinct Hebrew was re-introduced into the infant state of Israel, the vowel accents were critical in teaching ancient Hebrew to a modern generation. ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/nimrod/welcome.htm
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90: Peutinger Map: A Translation of Bible Cities and the Exodus Route
... The spatial allowance for Cyprus necessarily pushed Palestine and Sinai, along with the Delta, far to the west-so much so that the Dead Sea, Sinai Peninsula, and Egyptian Delta lie west of Rhodes, and, still farther west, Carthage sits almost directly south of Rome-just across a very ... (Ostrakine) 11. Notation on map: The desert where the children of Israel who wandered for forty years guided by Moses 12. Mount Sinai 13. Phara (Paran) 14. Haila (Aqaba: town on Gulf of Aqaba near elat) 15. Addianam (Timna?) 16. Cypsaria (Gypsaria) 17. Petris (Petra, Kadesh Barnea) 18. Thamaro (Tamara, Hazeva) 19. Lysa 20. Cypsaria (Gypsaria) 21. Oboda 22. Elvsa 23. Rhinocolura (Arish, Tharu) B. Judea, Syria, Jordan: 1. Azoton (Ashdod, Azotus) 2. Ioppe (Joppa, Tel Aviv) 3. Ascalone (Ashkelon) 4. Betogabri (Beth Guvrin, Eleutheropolis) "By the early Severan period (199/200 c.e.), the city at Beth Guvrin/Beit Jibrin received the new name Eleutheropolis and became the most important center in the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-Tabula-Peutingeriana-Peutinger-map-byzantine-cities-towns-list-translation-Israel-mount-sinai-gulf-of-aqaba-1265ad.htm
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91: 597 BC: Arad Ostraca introduction: Jehoiakim, Zedekiah, Nico ...
... Without knowing it, we had been digging in the office of the Israelite commander of the Arad fort. His name was Eliashib son of Eshiyahu. Three of his seals were found on the floor of a room on the south side of the fort in stratum VII (c. 620-597 B.C.). They are ... The fortress was encircled by a new casemate wall which had towers projecting at the corners and in the middle of each side, similar to the fortresses of Kadesh-Barnea [Ein Qudeirat] and Hot-vat Uzza.'2 Along the western side and in the northwest corner. a completely new wall was built, whereas the rest of the wall was rebuilt along the lines of the old wall. In the south, the interior line of the casement wall of Stratum VII became the exterior wall of Stratum VI. ... The use of the definite article "the" in "the four days" suggests that there must have been a definite organized route and way stations through the desert based on units of distance per day. This was not provision for "a" four-day journey, but for "the" four-day ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/ostraca/bible-ostraca-Arad-18-24-40-88-letters-refugee-temple-YHWH-edomite-threat-troops-edom-Ramah-Negev-Ira-Kinah-Horvat-Uza-Neco-II-Egypt-Jehoiakim-Zedekiah-Judah-608-597bc.htm
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92: The Sinai Peninsula has always been Egyptian territory.
The Sinai Peninsula was not some "desert ocean" no one controlled or claimed." e. The Sinai was not a caravan crossroads and a no man's land". f. The Sinai Peninsula was not some fuzzy waste land that nobody wanted or controlled. g. Some mistakenly view the Sinai Peninsula as unclaimed, ungoverned land that no country controlled. If you ask them to name the country or King who controlled the Sinai ... in Egyptian sources for Ramesside (1250 BC) military campaigns in the Negev, Edom and the Arabah, the Hathor Temple of Timna provides the first archaeological evidence for actual and lengthy ... the Red Sea and came to Kadesh" Judges 11:16 b. "Hence God led the people around by the way of the wilderness to the Red Sea; and the sons of Israel went up in martial array from the land of Egypt." ... are both within the Country of Egypt and under Pharaoh's control: Gen 50:7-8; Ex 9:25-26, Num 33:1. In these three verses "land of" denotes local "states or provinces" within the country of Egypt. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-egypt-border-territory-sinai-peninsula-out-of-egypt.htm
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93: The Exodus Route: Dophkah
created metaphoric messianic meanings for Dophkah: a. "And they set out from the desert of Sin and came to Raphaca [Dophkah]." Raphaca translates as "health." You see the order of the progressions, how when the soul is once made spiritual and begins to see heavenly visions, it arrives at health, so that it deservedly says: "Bless the Lord, my soul, and all that is within me, [bless] his holy name!" Which Lord? ... They were unable to travel as a single unified group so they travelled in smaller groups or "stages" through the narrow and difficult portion of the route until they reached Rephidim: Num 33:12-13; Ex 17:1. Another synchronism is that the Amalekites attacked when the first group completed the stages, exited the mountainous area, and started on their way ... Difficult and narrow Difficult and narrow Easy Difficult and narrow Alush to Sinai Easy Easy Easy Easy Sinai to Kadesh Easy Easy Difficult via Ezion Geber Easy Assessment Click to View Bible Click to View 100% Perfect fit ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-dophkah.htm
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94: The Exodus Route: Debunked: Split Rock of Rephidim (Meribah)
... Goshen Nisan 14: Passover lambs killed before sunset and eaten on Nisan 15 Wed evening. Day 1 Goshen Nisan 15: Departed in Daylight Num 33:3 2 3 Start counting 7 Sabbaths for Pentecost 4 5 6 7 8 9 Succoth Overnight camp 10 day 8 of Pentecost Nisan 24 11 12 13 14 ... Maqla), beside Mt. Sinai (Mt. Lawz) and we have no idea today where this rock is located. b. The second split rock for water is at Kadesh Barnea, located at modern Petra. The Wadi Musa (River of Moses) is the Siq at Petra and was the main flow of water over 1 km in ... he came to a place which the Arabians esteem their metropolis, which was formerly called Arce, but has now the name of Petra, at this place, which was encompassed with high mountains, Aaron went up one of them in the sight of the whole army, Moses having before told him that he was to die, for this place was over against them." (Josephus, Antiquities 4.82-83) b. AD 325 Eusebius: "Beroth. "Of the sons of Jakeim (Iacim)." Place in the desert where Aaron died. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-rephidim-meribah.htm
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95: Josephus 110 AD. Kadesh Barnea at Petra
But there are a number of other outstanding things we can learn from Josephus that strongly supports a location of Mt. Sinai in the Midian area and Kadesh Barnea at Petra. Josephus believed Mt. Hor was at Petra. Josephus' account of the exodus has been ... and when he came to a place which the Arabians esteem their metropolis, which was formerly called Arce, but has now the name of Petra, at this place, which was encompassed with high mountains, Aaron went up one of them in the sight of the whole ... That he left to Ishmael and to his posterity the country of Arabia (Josephus, Antiquities 2.213) F. Josephus believed Judah bordered with Egypt (at the wadi Al-Arish) and Arabia (Arabah Valley). Egypt was distinct from Arabia. Judah was distinct ... prisoners alive, whom he brought to the great rock in Arabia [east Dead Sea valley], and threw them down from it headlong. (Josephus, Antiquities 9.191, see also 2 Chronicles 25:12) And when he had brought the place to this state, he named it Tyre. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-ancient-geographers-maps-sinai-egypt-midian-arabia-kadesh-barnea-shur-josephus-110ad.htm
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96: Elijah and Elisha Chronology timeline 870-810 BC
... During this time, we know that Jehoram his son was coregent with him for these last 5 years of his life. While Jehoram takes over the official state matters and Jehoshaphat in his old age becomes an itinerate evangelist of the Mosaic Law from city to city. (2 Chron 19:4-11) It is no coincidence that the 7 year ... The 100,000 Israeli mercenaries are insulted and proceed to loot Judean cities and kill 3000 Judeans on route home to Samaria. In the Battle of Kadesh Barnea (793 BC), Amaziah attacks Edom in the "valley of salt" which is located at the south end of the Salt Sea, then travels south to capture the city of ancient Kadesh Barnea (Petra), which at this time was ... at Meresha when he faced an army of 1 million from Ethiopia: "Then Asa called to the Lord his God and said, "Lord, there is no one besides You to help in the battle between the powerful and those who have no strength; so help us, O Lord our God, for we trust in You, and in Your name have come against this multitude. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/chronology/bible-chronology-timeline-Elijah-Elisha-John-the-Baptist-Jesus-types-antitypes-870-810BC.htm
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97: Nelson Glueck's 1938-1940 Excavations at Tell el-Kheleifeh: A ...
... fig. 3).6 Similar features include an element of "monumental" architecture in the northwest corner (although dissimilar in function), a main north-south street on the settle-ment's eastern side (cf. plan in Y. Aharoni 1981: 6-7), inner-wall structures of similar plan and perhaps function and fortifications of similar design which created comparable dimensions for each of the settlements. ... Palestine Exploration Quarterly (October) 150-53. Dajani, R. W. 1966 Four Iron Age Tombs from Irbid. Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan XI: 88-101. Dothan, M. 1965 The Fortress of Kadesh-Barnea. Israel Ex-ploration Journal 15: 134-51. Evenari, M.; Aharoni, Y.; Shanan, L.; and Tadmor, N. 1958 The Ancient Desert Agriculture of the Negev. Israel Exploration Journal 8: 231-68. Frank, F. 1934 Aus der `Arabah, I: Tell el-ChleTi. Zeitschrift des Deutschen Paliistina-Vereins 57: 243-45. Franken, H. J. 1977 The Problem of Identification in Biblical Archaeology. Palestine Exploration Quarterly 109: ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ezion-geber-nelson-gluecks-1938-1940-excavations-tell-el-kheleifeh-reappraisal-gary-pratico-1985ad.htm
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98: Christmas: Separating Bible truth from Myth
... Josephus is shockingly silent on the central story of the slaughter of the children when Herod had been tricked by the Magi b. The Magi likely returned to Assyria by taking the route south of the salt sea at Wadi Zered, possibly passing through Petra (Kadesh Barnea). c. The timing of Herod's slaughter of the children would be no more than 30 days after they visited Jesus in the ... The 22th year of Caesar Tiberius is 36 AD 2. A central argument offered by scholars supporting 4 B.C. as the year of Herod's death focuses on the dating of his son Philip's reign. Modern editions of Josephus's Antiquities of the Jews unanimously state that Philip died in the twentieth year of Tiberius, that ... writes: "It was mentioned that in Ant. 18:2:1/26-28, Josephus stated that Quirinius came to Syria in the 37th year of Octavius's victory at Actium, i.e. in AD 6. In other passages in Antiquities and in the Jewish Wars, Josephus associates several events with the census associated with the name of Quirinius. ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/D-Xmas-story.htm
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99: The Exodus Route: Goshen and Ramses
The Land of Goshen was a large territory from Rameses to the Gulf of Suez, south to the Wadi Tumilat and included Ballah lake and Timsah lake. 2. Rameses is listed as the place they departed from as they began the exodus. a. "So Joseph settled his ... Here we have direct evidence that the Wadi el-Arish is the history southern border of the promised land. This rules out Ain el-Qudeirat as Kadesh Barnea found in every map found in the back of Bibles and Mt. Karkom as Mt. Sinai. D. Archeological evidence ... Some scholars have identified Goshen more specifically with the Wadi Tumilat, a fertile finger of the Delta jutting out into the Sinai Desert." (Holman Bible Atlas, p50, 1998 AD) c. "The Septuagint clearly identified the land of Goshen and the ... Indeed, Sarah I. Groll cautiously postulated the identification of a possible Egyptian rendering of the biblical toponym Goshen in Papyrus Anastasi IV (1b:1-2) referring to a stormy lake by the name of gsm in association with waves. This name gsm ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-goshen.htm
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100: Ezion-Geber, Nelson Glueck, Excavations at Tell el-Kheleifeh ...
... The location of the tell in the middle of the southern end of the Wadi Arabah, its possession of the first potable water, however brackish, as one comes from the western side of the north shore of the ... in the Desert, pp. 153-68; Smithsonian Report for 1941, pp. 453-78; BA, XXII (1959), 89-94; G. E. Wright, BA, XXIV (1961), 59-62; B. Rothenberg, Palestine Exploration Quarterly, XCIV (1962), 5-71; Illustrated London News, Sept. 3, 1960, pp. 383-5. or air entering through the apertures in the outer north wall could be felt emerging at the outer ends of the apertures in the outer south wall, the ... For the attribution of the fortress casemate walls at Ain el-Qudeirat (Qadesh-barnea) to the time of Jehoshaphat (871-849 B.C.) and possibly to the time of Uzziah (784-733 B.C.), see Dothan, Elath ... It was first during the reign of his very capable son Uzziah (Azariah) (775-734 B.C.) who "built towers in the wilderness (the Negeb) and hewed out many cisterns" there (II Chron. 26:10) that the name ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ezion-geber-nelson-gluecks-tell-el-kheleifeh-1965ad.htm
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