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Gilgal ... Yet the fact that people somehow lived there was clear after we found considerable pottery. The earliest pottery repertoire dated to the 13th and 12th centuries B.C.E., nearly identical to the pottery found at the Mt. Ebal site (stratum 2) we had excavated earlier.6 It seems evident that this oval enclosure was some kind of a camp from the early Iron Age I period, that is, from the period of Israel's earliest history in Canaan. But can we be more specific? It has become fashionable in the last decade or so, especially among a group of scholars who regard themselves as "Syro-Palestinian" archaeologists,k to ignore and even to shun the Bible. The reasons for this inclination are various—from sociological to personal and political. After years of archaeological research, however, I believe it is impossible to explore Israel's origins without the Bible. At the same time, the research should be as objective as possible. The Bible should be used cautiously and critically. But again and ... ... https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-gilgal.htm

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Civil Courts, beating and scourging in Synagogues, Slavery jail ... Civil Courts, Beatings and Scourgings in Synagogues First Century Synagogues and churches "On this Rock, I will build My church" Ancient Synagogue Worship and the Church Synagogue worship was the prototype for Christian Church. CIVIL COURTS IN SYNAGOGUES The Legal system in ancient Israel was sophisticated: Law Courts (gates, cities of Refuge) Mosaic Judiciary Rules of evidence (2-3 witnesses) Judges Introduction: A. The church is a civic court like the Synagogue: 1. 1 Cor 6 authorizes the church to function as a civic court for non-religious disputes between Christians like: "He told me the car was in perfect running condition when he sold it to me yesterday, but it needs a new engine that ... There were many more, to be sure, but we make reference in particular to judges of civil law. Said R. Judah said R. Assi, "The civil judges who were in Jerusalem would collect their salary of ninety-nine maneh from Temple funds. If they didn't find that suitable, they would add to the salary." "If ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Courts-ancient-Synagogue-Civil-judgment-Slavery-jail-beating-scourging-Columns-first-century-early-Christian-Church-New-Testament-worship-patterned-prototype.htm

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The Number of the Exodus Jews. The population of the Exodus Hebrews ... Here we have "heads of clans" actually being referenced but the only way the use of the word "eleph" makes any sense is if we take it to mean 1000 not units. 3. Professional Biblical archeologists look at the small sizes of ancient walled cities like Jericho, Shiloh, Beersheba, Megiddo and Hazor etc. and wrongly conclude an exodus population of 3 million doesn't match ... The solution is not in challenging the small number of 2000 inside the city but in recognizing that 99% of the population of the day were nomadic and lived in tents throughout the countryside. The city was a symbolic refuge for the kingdom and was never intended to house half a million citizens. The small size of Late Bronze age cities, therefore, does not prove small indigenous Canaanite populations of 45,000 (Deut 7:7). Biblical archeologists use small LB II walled city sizes to first generate dramatically deflated populations of Canaanites of 45,000 to then argue Israel could not be 3.5 million. A classic case of ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-population-of-jews-hebrews.htm

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Map of the Twelve Tribes of Israel Joshua divides the land 1400 ... D. See also Conquest of Joshua map: 1. The conquest took 6 years from 1406 - 1400 BC. 2. In 1399 BC, the first sabbatical year, Joshua divided up the land by lots and moved the tabernacle from Gilgal to Shiloh where it stood as Israel's first capital city for 305 years from 1399 -1094 BC. 3. This conquest map can be used in conjunction with this map of the borders of the Twelve Tribes of Israel ... Josh 10:5 6. Philistine Pentapolis of city states a. Gaza, Ashdod, Ashkelon, Gath, Ekron b. in coastal plain c. Archeology of the Philistine pottery has confirmed that Ashkelon was the production center for the monochrome Canaan Philistine pottery, so it was most likely also the capital of the Pentapolis. Ashkelon is also a huge ancient city that has one of two in situ clay brick arched city gates (the other is at Tel Dan). d. Ex 13:17-18; Deut 2:23; Josh 11:22; 13:2-3; Judges 1:18-19; 3:1-3 F. Text of Joshua 15:1 - 19:41 "Now the lot for the tribe of the sons of Judah according to their ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/maps/bible-maps-master-index-borders-twelve-12-tribes-israel-promised-land-joshua13-22-conquest-1400BC.htm

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A Short History of the Watchtower Organization Jehovah's Witnesses, likewise, trace their roots back to the Adventists. But they do not often admit this to outsiders; nor do many Witnesses know the details themselves. JWs are accustomed to defending themselves against the charge that they are a new religious cult. They will often respond that theirs is the most ancient religious group, older than Catholic and Protestant churches. In fact, their book Jehovah's Witnesses in the Divine Purpose asserts that "Jehovah's witnesses have a history almost 6,000 years long, beginning ... At first glance the choice of a staunch conservative for the post may seem to guarantee a continuation of the status quo, with little change in the offing for Jehovah's Witnesses. But a closer look reveals this appointment as the conservative old guard's last stand-an indication that radical change in the sect's leadership and doctrines is imminent. At age 72 Henschel became the second-youngest member of the Governing Body, and he was selected to lead by men ... ... https://www.bible.ca/jw-history.htm

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Sacred Meals, Passover, Lord's Supper, Communion: No Common Meals ... male a year old; you may take it from the sheep or from the goats. 'You shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month, then the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel is to kill it at twilight. 'Moreover, they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel of the houses in which they eat it. 'They shall eat the ... staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in haste-it is the Lord's Passover." (Exodus 12:3-11) b. "These services included: social and political gatherings, religious instruction, Torah reading and prayer, col-lecting monies for the Temple and for local needs, communal meals, a hostel, as well as a local archive. ... At the New Moon or the end of the Sabbath, the synagogue or an adjacent room served as a dining room." (Ancient Synagogues - Archaeology and Art: New Discoveries and Current Research, Rachel Hachlili, p17, 2013 AD) 2. The unleavened bread is called "maẓẓot" and is baked by the Jews in their synagogues. a. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Sacred-Meals-ancient-Synagogue-Passover-mazzot-communion-lords-supper-first-century-early-Christian-Church-Potluck-New-Testament-worship-prototype-ritual-liturgy.htm

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City of David discovered! B. History of Archeology in Israel. 1. Kathleen Kenyon (Jericho, '52-'58; City of David, '61-'68) 2. Yagal Shiloh (City of David, '78-'85) 3. Jane Cahill appointed to analyze and publish Shiloh's work 4. Ronnie Reich now heading City of David project C. Major Israeli universities have been dominated by unbelief. 1. David Ussishkin, Tel Aviv University "I am afraid that evidence regarding the magnificent Solomonic capital was not discovered because it is nonexistent, not because it is still hidden in the ground." Jerusalem in Bible And Archeology, 2003, p.112 2. Niles Peter Lemch, University of Copenhagen "Archeological data have now definitely confirmed that the empire of David and Solomon never existed." Biblical Archaeological Review, 11/... Tabernacles. Priest carried water in golden vessel up stairs to the Temple and poured out libation on altar. Context of Jesus comments at Feast, Jn.7:37-38 8. Old site clamed to be pool (Byzantine) 9. New correct site found June of 2004. a. Locate ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-city-of-david.htm

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bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-judahs-last-outpost-carol ... The High Negev was long considered completely hostile to human habitation. There seemed to be hardly more than a month in winter when even Bedouin could graze their flocks among the barren rocks. Yet the Archaeological Survey of the Negev, which began as part of the intense survey of the whole ... Aharoni's work was concentrated upon the road system. Since then and as a result of the Israel Survey, the explorations of Rudolph Cohen, head of the Negev Survey, have given indication that the Iron Age sites provide information not only about trade routes but also about the borders of the Judean kingdom. Cohen is Archaeologist for the Southern District, operating under Israel's Department of ... Earlier stratified Negev pottery may yet be found; and Kadesh Barnea — judging from the quantities of material — may prove to be a center of its manufacture and thus a key to understanding its patterns of use and dissemination in the southern areas of ancient Palestine. Fig. 3. One of four ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-judahs-last-outpost-carol-meyers-1976ad.htm

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Messianic Bible Prophecy Fulfilled: The Exodus "Out of Egypt ... Joshua was a forerunner when he spied out the land and who brought Israel into Canaan 40 years later: Num 14:6-7 Jesus was a forerunner for us into heaven at His ascension and will return to take us to heaven at the Second coming: Heb 6:19-20; Jn 13:36 Cross Jordan = Canaan rest: Deut 12:10-11; Ps 95:10-11 Death = Heaven ... Sinai a. When he fled from Pharaoh to Midian at age 40. b. When he brought Israel out of Egypt in 1446 BC. 3. Passover memorial: a. ""Speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying, 'On the tenth of this month they are each one to take a lamb for themselves, according to their fathers' households, a lamb for each household. 'Now if the household is ... Then the Lord said to Moses, "Make a fiery serpent, and set it on a standard; and it shall come about, that everyone who is bitten, when he looks at it, he will live." And Moses made a bronze serpent and set it on the standard; and it came about, that if a serpent bit any man, when he looked to the bronze serpent, he ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/prophecy/Exodus-Moses-Israel-Christ-church-double-dual-messianic-bible-prophecy-Midrashic-type-antitype.htm

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Cypriot Pottery From the Island of Cypress Pottery is one of the key methods of dating an ancient ruined city and Kenyon had no training or experience in reading pottery. In fact, in her final report, she devoted a single short paragraph to pottery. Kathleen Kenyon rejected the Bible story of Joshua causing the walls of Jericho to fall based primarily on pottery. She never found Cypriot pottery herself and she misread the pottery she did find by over 150 years too early. Kathleen Kenyon excavated Jericho in the 1950's and concluded that the walls fell 150 years before the Bible says they did in 1600 BC because she had no training in reading late Bronze pottery and she ignored the fact that Garstang found imitation Cypriotware in his excavations in the 1920's. Dr. Bryant Wood has a PhD in Late Bronze pottery and when he reexamined Kenyon's misdated pottery, he proved her conclusions wrong and gave Jericho back to Bible believing Christians. Kathleen Kenyon (excavations: 1952-58) said the tel belonged to time much earlier and ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-cypriot-pottery.htm

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PRAYER IN SYNAGOGUES: "House of prayer" Proseuche PRAYER IN SYNAGOGUES "House of prayer" Proseuche First Century Synagogues and churches "On this Rock, I will build My church" Ancient Synagogue Worship and the Church Synagogue worship was the prototype for Christian Church. PRAYER IN SYNAGOGUES A. Transition of Prayer form Temple worship ... AD "Place of gathering"(synagogue) slowly replaced the term proseuche were in the first century AD, but both were in use during the apostolic age. c. 200 AD: the term proseuche had become essentially extinct. B. REPLACEMENT THEOLOGY: God's transition plan from physical Temple worship to spiritual church-body worship: 1. The physical temple was where God's ears, eyes, heart and name was located day and night, ... When non-Christians pray "through us" God will answer their prayers: ""Also concerning the foreigner who is not from Your people Israel, when he comes from a far country for Your great name's sake and Your mighty hand and Your outstretched arm, when they come and pray toward this house, ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Prayer-ancient-Synagogue-House-proseuche-first-century-early-Christian-Church-New-Testament-worship-patterned-prototype-ritual-liturgy.htm

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Bible Chronology charts: Septuagint LXX vs. corrupted Masoretic ... of all reliable ancient literary sources validate the longer Septuagint Chronology: a. Every reliable literary source before 100 AD uses the longer LXX chronology and not the shorter Masoretic. 2. Both Philo and Josephus were using the extant Hebrew manuscript of their day which followed the longer LXX chronology. a. This is a huge finding because they were NOT using the Greek Septuagint used in Synagogues as their source text, but the Hebrew Tanakh used in the Jerusalem Temple. b. In fact, ... text for anti-Christian theological reasons. 4. Today the Septuagint contains the original chronological numbers for the age of the earth at 5554 BC. 225 BC: Demetrius the chronographer: 5500 BC 170 BC: Book of Jubilees: 3906 BC (estimate) 158 BC: ... at age 75 after Terah died at age 205, the Jews incorrectly interpreted the birth of Abraham when Terah was 70. What this meant in their interpretation, was that Tarah continued to live in Haran for another 60 years after Abraham left for Canaan. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Bible-chronology-charts-age-of-earth-date-Genesis-5-11-Septuagint-text-LXX-original-autograph-corrupted-Masoretic-MT-primeval-5554BC.htm

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Coins of the Bible: Shekel of Tyre. official temple sanctuary ... ... It is important to mention that this is also verified by archaeological finds. Most of the shekels of the first group, minted in Tyre, originate from archaeological finds in Phoenicia, while those of the second group are found only in the Land of Israel.' The riddle has thus been solved: the "Tyrian shekel" is Herod's silver coin! Since the Temple also served as the nation's main bank, the monetary activity in it gave great power to the high priests." (A Treasury Of Jewish Coins, Ya'akov Meshorer, p77, 2001 AD) 5. Reading the date code for Tyrian silver shekels: a. Shekels of Tyre have a date code using and alpha-numeric system that assigns a number to each letter of the Greek alphabet. b. The coins start with year one, which is year 125 BC. This is the year Tyre gained independence from the Seleucids. c. Remember that there was no year zero "0" in the ancient calendars so the year went from 1 BC to 1 AD d. We have supplied a few examples of actual date codes found on the Shekels of ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/coins/Jesus-coins-of-the-bible-Phoenician-Tyre-Tyrian-Shekel-official-sancturary-Temple-tax-Peters-fish-money-changers-Judas-30-silver-pieces.htm

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bible-archeology-destruction-muslim-archeologists On one hand they expect to be respected as archeologists, yet on the other hand, turn a willing silent blind eye to the well documented practice of destroying any archeology that proves the Koran a book of myths. Muslim archeologist's also willingly participate in the destruction of any artifact that supports the fact that Israel possessed their land from 1406 BC to 70 AD. The destruction of the Temple mount: "Good News magazine": "So the motivation in this case was at least in part to destroy evidence of a Jewish presence on the Temple Mount?" Leen Ritmeyer: "Yes. For example, from earlier surveys in Solomon's stables we know there's an ancient arch in ... They sent in bulldozers and took out hundreds of truckloads of material so they could build a big staircase down to the chamber. In the process they have destroyed not only many archaeological artifacts, but judging by the stones that were taken out of that pit, a huge wall also was destroyed. In my estimation that was a wall built by ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-destruction-muslim-archeologists.htm

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Methuselah's begetting Age of Lamech was 187 not 167 years ... However, evidence abounds that the rabbis in Israel (living in an age filled with chrono-messianic speculation) deflated the proto-MT's primeval chronology in the second century AD to discredit Jesus' messianic claims. In the aftermath of the destruction of the Temple and the horrors of the Bar Kochba revolt 65 years later, it became possible for the rabbis to amend their Hebrew manuscripts and hide the trail of evidence. Judaism was no longer variegated, but dominated and controlled by one sect, the Pharisees. Their motive to discredit Jesus has profound New Testament theological support. The rabbis possessed adequate motive, authoritative means, and unique opportunity. No other group in history was in the position to change the biblical text in this way. The LXX translators certainly were not. Numerous ancient historians and several important Christian chronological works in the post-Reformation period consistently argued these points. Actually, it appears that the LXX inflation ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Book-of-Genesis5-25-Methuselah-begetting-Age-Lamech-187-167-years-Bible-Manuscript-Textual-Variants-Old-Testament-Septuagint-LXX-Masoretic-MT-scribal-gloss-error.htm

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Papyrus Anastasi 4 and 6 Shasu Pithom Goshen Lake, tribes of ... ... So far as we can tell from the archaeological evidence presently at hand, there were no Egyptians living there during the reign of Thutmose." (A Survey of Old Testament Introduction, Gleason Archer, p246, 1994 AD) b. "Leaving the Negeb at Beer-sheba (Gen. 46:1), Jacob and his sons journeyed across the Sinai entering Egypt near Succoth in the Wadi Tumilat. Asiatic shepherds and merchants coming from southern Canaan and Transjordan used this route extensively. The family entered ... Stretching 31 mi (52 km) from just west of modern Zagazig (ancient Bubastis) to Ismailiya (on Lake Timsah), it created a portion of the eastern edge of the Nile delta. While the course of this delta branch disappeared in historic times, and the present eastern branch is significantly further to the west, both historical and archaeological evidence indicate that ancient canals were cut from the Nile River eastward through the Wadi Tumilat. This ancient watercourse apparently continued to flood periodically ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/bible-inscriptions-archeology-edomites-Papyrus-Egyptian-Anastasi-VI-Shasu-tribes-of-Edom-Pharaoh-Merneptah-Succoth-1205bc.htm

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East orientation of Jewish temples and altars ... Lawz in Saudi Arabia) has a large natural open area located east of the mountain that opens to the rising sun. This is one way to determine which side of Mt. Sinai the camp of Israel was located on. In other words, an easterly facing tabernacle would not be located on the west side of a mountain because then it would ... Alter of Joshua, for example, does not face due east, but exactly NE or SE. The corners of the altar point to the four points of the compass. "The altar on Mt. 'Ebal is not only the most ancient and complete altar, but also the prototype of the Israelite burnt offering altar of the First and Second Temple periods. The Mesopotamian architectural influence on the structure of the altar is also very interesting, both in its stepped construction and in the orientation of its corners to the north, south, east, and west." (Adam Zertal) The temple at Tel Dan built by Jeroboam, was oriented similarly to the Alter of Joshua, about 45 degrees off of due east (magnetic north). From ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-jerusalem-temple-mount-east-orientation-jewish-temples-altars.htm

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The historical territory of the Moabites in the Bible Nebo was part of Moab in 1406 BC: "Go up to this mountain of the Abarim, Mount Nebo, which is in the land of Moab opposite Jericho, and look at the land of Canaan, which I am giving to the sons of Israel for a possession." Deut 32:49 Madaba (Madaba Map) and Dibon (Moabite Stone) was part of Moab in 1406 BC: "But we have cast them down, Heshbon is ruined as far as Dibon, Then we have laid waste even to Nophah, Which reaches to Medeba." Num 21:30; "The sons of Gad built Dibon and Ataroth and Aroer" Num 32:34; "They have gone up to the temple and to Dibon, even to the high places to weep. Moab wails over Nebo and Medeba; Everyone's head is ... Joshua 13:15-21 D. The Moabite Stone (Stela of Mesha) discovered at Dibon Click to View The Moabite Stone was discovered by by Klein 1868 BC at the ancient city of Dibon. Before it could be fully documented, Muslims had smashed it to pieces because they superstitiously thought the black basalt stone had magical powers to protect their granaries. The ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-moabites.htm

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Historical inaccuracy of the Book of Mormon The Mormon Church The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter-day Saints Click to View Historical inaccuracy of the Book of Mormon Click to View A. Mormon archaeological argument that proves the historical accuracy of B of M The Book of Mormon claims to be a history of ancient peoples inhabiting Central America until 421 A. D. No one in 1830 (when the Book of Mormon was published) had any idea of the existence ... Mexico, by Poinsett, 1825; The American Geography, by Jedidiah Morse, 1789; History of the American Indians, by James Adair, 1775; The Hope of Israel, by Manasseh ben Israel 1649-1656; View of the Hebrews, by Ethan Smith, 2nd Ed., 825; The Wonders of Nature and Providence, by Josiah Priest, ... He would describe the ancient inhabitants of this continent, their dress, mode of traveling, and the animals upon which they rode; their cities, their buildings with every particular; their mode of warfare; and also their religious worship. This he would do with as much ease, seemingly, as if he ... ... https://www.bible.ca/mor-Archaeology.htm

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The Temple in Jerusalem was not located over the Dome of the ... ... Ever since the Babylonian captivity 2,500 years ago, the exact location of the Ark has been unknown. Although rumors persist that the Ark of the Covenant has been located here or there, no archaeological evidence has been produced to substantiate any of the claims. However, we may now be able to figure out where the Ark once rested within the ancient Holy of Holies. If, as we saw in the previous chapter, it is possible to deduce the location of the Temple building and its Holy of Holies, then it might be possible to locate where the Ark once was placed within this structure. According to ancient sources such as Josephus ... "Once I began to research this problem in the Spring of 1994, the secrets of the Sakhra revealed themselves to me in such rapid succession that it was sometimes breathtaking. While flying to Israel, 30,000 feet high in the air, I got my first glimpse of the most spectacular of all the discoveries, namely that of the former location of the Ark of the Covenant! Averting ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-jerusalem-temple-mount-dome-of-rock.htm

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creed and beliefs of Baha'i Faith: A brief history & notes on ... As can be seen from the graphic, Baha'i believes in progressive revelation and that it is the latest, highest and best revelation from God for this current age. Keep in mind that Baha'i grew out of Islam. Baha'i is to Islam, what Mormons and Jehovah's witnesses are to Christianity. The Baha'i Faith: A brief ... Buildings include the Seat of the Universal House of Justice, The Shrine of the Bab, International Archives Building, International Teaching Centre, the Centre for the Study of Texts, and the Terraces Project. The site is a major national tourist attraction in Israel and is often included in tours of holy places which include ancient Jewish, Christian and Muslim points of ... So here we have a prophecy concerning the timing of the death of Christ that will occur "Seventy 'sevens' after the issuing of a decree to rebuild Jerusalem. Most Christian scholars agree that the starting point of this prophecy is in 457 B.C. In 536 BC a decree was issued by Cyrus to rebuild the temple. Ezra ... ... https://www.bible.ca/creed-bahai-beliefs.htm

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597 BC Ostraca Ramah-Negev (Tel Ira) "MPQD" Ostracon #1 Joshua ... Ostraca, Tablets and Inscriptions of the Bible Arad Letters Ramah-Negev is a late bronze city that dates back to the time of Joshua. Ira ostraca #1 was discovered in 1984 AD this ostraca references two army troop commanders at a time (597 BC) when the Edomites were invading the Negev. Ira Ostraca ... However, it could be a nickname of endearment, as was the case when Ben Azzai referred to his mentor and friend Rabbi Akiba as "this bald one" (TB Bekhorot 58a). Of course, this suggests that having a double name with some physical attribute-a practice found in late Second Temple times-was already established at this early period." (The MPQD Ostracon from Tel ʿIra: A New Reading, ... It was in this probable context that Eliashib was ordered to rush troops from Arad and Kinah for the defense of Ramah-Negeb. This defense probably failed." (Ancient Aramaic and Hebrew Letters, J. M. Lindenberger, Vol. 14, p114, 2003 AD) Conclusion: Tel Ira (Ramah-Negev) ostracon #1 is connected with Arad ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/ostraca/bible-ostraca-ostracon-Ramah-Negev-Tell-Ira1-letters-census-MPQD-miphqad-mipqad-command-of-Berechiah-Bald-Joshua19-8-Shelemiah-Zedekiah-597bc.htm

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Introduction: Standardized Architectural Synagogue Signature ... Standardized Architectural Synagogue Signature Typology Architectural Similarities between Ancient Synagogues and the Church Christians borrowed from Jewish synagogues, not the other way around. Standardized Architectural Synagogue Signature Typology Synagogue Architecture ... A. Defining standardized pattern of architectural "synagogue signature typology" 1. The architectural layout/floorplan of early synagogues shows a high degree of similarity, though not identical. 2. "Origin of the Second Temple Synagogues Architectural Plan: Furthermore, based on architectural evidence, Strange (2003:53-57) holds that the seven Tem-ple period synagogues in Israel (Capernaum, Gamla, Herodium, Jericho, Qiryat Sefer, ... Another way to put this is that these seven buildings and their successors refer to or stand for something else. The builders knew some structure that was of such enormous social and religious moment that it impressed them with the extraordinary idea of arranging seating between ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Architectural-Introduction-master-Summary-chart-ancient-synagogue-pre-70AD-standardized-typology-design-prototype-spiritualized-similarities-into-church.htm

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797 BC: "Hindanu Stele" Royal Decree of Adad-Nirari III, King ... God sent Israel (Jehoahaz and Joash, Samaria) a deliverer (Adad-nirari III, Assyria) they escaped Aram (Ben Hadad III, Aram) Detailed outline on Adad-Nirari III "What we read in the book, we find in the ground" Introduction: The Hindanu Stele from Calah/Nimrod was a royal proclamation in 797 BC written under the authority of the Assyrian king Adad-nirari III that grants Nergal-[eris], governor of the land Rasappa, a new parcel of lands under his governorship This text is engraved on a stone tablet found in the temple of Istar at Nineveh. Adad-nirari III Decrees: I have "entrusted the land Hindanu to Nergal-[eris], governor of the land Rasappa." The ancient dating system used what is called an "eponymy" ... Conquest Stela of Adad-Nirari III (810 - 783 BC) Detailed outline on Adad-Nirari III . Rimah Joash conquest stele Omri-land conquest stele Saba'a conquest stele Religious and dynastic Stela of Adad-Nirari III (810 - 783 BC) Dynastic door sill stone Trust Nebo Alone Statue Hindanu Stele ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/bible-inscriptions-archeology-Adad-Nirari-III-Hindanu-Stele-governor-Nergal-eris-given-land-Samshi-Adad-V-Shalmaneser-III-eponymy-of-Bel-tarsi-ilumma-Ishtar-Ninevah-797bc.htm

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Freestanding Columns: Antitype of Church and Christians: 1 Tim ... ... And it is not a book that has a beginning, middle and end, but rather a scroll, since we are taught that the "end is wedged in the beginning, and the beginning in the end." So what do we find when the Torah scroll's end rolls into the beginning? How does the Torah end and begin? The last word of the Torah is Yisrael, Israel, ... Their exact nature is uncertain, due to uncertainties about the meaning of the terms and the various formulations found in the Bible and ancient translations. Nevertheless, it is certain that freestanding columns were part of ancient Temple architecture." (Jewish Publication Society commentary, 1 Kings 7:21, 2002 AD) b. "The most ... Two freestanding brass columns: a. 966 BC: Solomon puts the two freestanding brass columns out front of the Temple. b. 587 BC: Nebuchadnezzar destroys: "Now the bronze pillars which belonged to the house of the Lord and the stands and the bronze sea, which were in the house of the Lord, the Chaldeans broke in pieces and carried ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Columns-Pillars-Freestanding-Antitype-Christians-Architectural-ancient-Synagogue-pre-70AD-standardized-typology-incorporated-spiritualized-similarities-church.htm

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The Septuagint, LXX, origin, textual transmission, synagogues ... ... of all reliable ancient literary sources validate the longer Septuagint Chronology: a. Every reliable literary source before 100 AD uses the longer LXX chronology and not the shorter Masoretic. 2. Both Philo and Josephus were using the extant Hebrew manuscript of their day which followed the longer LXX chronology. a. This is a huge finding because they were NOT using the Greek Septuagint used in Synagogues as their source text, but the Hebrew Tanakh used in the Jerusalem Temple. b. In fact, ... text for anti-Christian theological reasons. 4. Today the Septuagint contains the original chronological numbers for the age of the earth at 5554 BC. 225 BC: Demetrius the chronographer: 5500 BC 170 BC: Book of Jubilees: 3906 BC (estimate) 158 BC: ... at age 75 after Terah died at age 205, the Jews incorrectly interpreted the birth of Abraham when Terah was 70. What this meant in their interpretation, was that Tarah continued to live in Haran for another 60 years after Abraham left for Canaan. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Septuagint-LXX-Greek-Old-Testment-Tanakh-ancient-Synagogues-first-century-church-PtolemyII-282-246BC.htm

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Coins of the New Testament that Jesus and the apostles used There are also many coins named in the Old Testament which we will document in time, the most famous being the gold "daric" produced by Darius the Mede who is named in Daniel: "That same night Belshazzar the Chaldean king was slain. So Darius the Mede received the kingdom at about the age of sixty-two." (Daniel 5:30-31). Mina and ... DIDRACHMA (Matthew 17:24): The didrachma and tetradrachma (actually stater) are references to silver coins from the city of Tyre, used in the business of the Temple. The staters were equal to shekels, and because the Jews were forbidden to issue their own silver coins, they were forced to use coins from this merchant city. ... QUADRANS: Mt 5:25; Mark 12:42 The quadrans was an Imperial Roman coin meant to circulate throughout the Empire. The size of a Canadian or US cent, the quadrans bore the religious symbols. The King James Version renders this coins as a "farthing", which is an old English coin. ASSARIUS: Mark 10:29; Luke 12:6 The assarius was an ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/coins/bible-coins-Jesus-used-in-the-New-Testament.htm

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Melqart Stele of Ben-Hadad-Ezer II: 845 BC ... "Adad (Addu, Akkadian), Hadda/i/u (West Semetic), storm-god. may also stand for Baal" (The Amarna Letters, W. L. Moran, p 386, 1992 AD) "Hadad is the name under which the ancient Near Eastern storm god was known among various groups in the Mesopotamian and Syrian world. ... or a little later. The latter stele is in standard Canaanite (Phoenician); the former is in a dialect related to the language of northern Israel as we know it from the Ostraca of Samaria, but not identical with it. The addition of a new inscribed stele to the two already known, is accordingly a matter of unusual archaeological interest. Moreover, it is the first inscribed monument of significance found bearing the name of a king of Damascus (Aram) . ... It was found, out of its original context, incorporated into the remains of some Roman Period walls at Bureij. Since there is no evidence of Iron Age occupation around Bureij, the stone was probably brought in from someplace nearby during the Roman period, when the ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Ben-Hadad-II-Melqart-Stele-Bir-Ezer-Damascene-king-Aram-1939AD-Breij-Aleppo-1Kings20-2Ki5-845BC.htm

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Wadi Daliyeh (Cave of Abu Shinjeh) Sanballat seal and Bulla, ... ... These ancient papyri are Samaritan legal documents from the Persian period (4th century bce), mostly deeds of sale for slaves. The owners of the documents were wealthy Samaritans who fled Samaria after the invasion of Alexander the Great in 333 bce, but were likely assassinated by Alexander's troops. (Dead Sea Scrolls website, Israel) 2. "The most important collection of Aramaic documents from the Persian period is that of the Jewish military colony at Yeb (Elephantine). Similar legal documents ... document of this group is of 375 bc and the latest of 335 bc." (The Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land, Inscriptions, 1990 AD) 3. "The finds in Cave 1 in the Wâdī ed-Dâliyeh furnish welcome light on a little-known era in Palestine. ... Sanballat is also mentioned once in a papyrus from Elephantine (Upper Egypt), from the fourteenth year of King Darius II (Ochus) of Persia (ca. 408 BCE; see ELEPHANTINE PAPYRI). In their petition for authorization to rebuild the temple of Yaho, the ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/bible-archeology-manuscripts-bulla-Wadi-Daliyeh-cave-Abu-Shinjeh-Persian-Aramaic-papyrus-letters-legal-documents-clay-seal-string-endorsed-sealed-Sanballat-408BC.htm

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Ancient Synagogue Literary Sources: Babylonian Talmud 500 AD There were many more, to be sure, but we make reference in particular to judges of civil law. Said R. Judah said R. Assi, "The civil judges who were in Jerusalem would collect their salary of ninety-nine maneh from Temple funds. If they didn't find ... It spans 2,783 folio pages in the standard editions. Although the collection takes the form of commentary on the Mishnah, the ancient rabbis included discussions and rulings on nearly every subject possible. Due to its incredible scope, the Babylonian Talmud became the fundamental text of Jewish life in the Middle Ages and for many people beyond this period. The Talmud of the Land of Israel (Palestinian/Jerusalem Talmud) was edited in Israel, prior to the editing of the Babylonian Talmud. ... Meg. 4:4, I.1.A-C) b. Strangely, when the synagogue was being used as a hostel, food could be eaten outside religious practice: "And from the perspective of Samuel, why recite the sanctification prayer in the synagogue? To carry out the obligation of ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Ancient-Synagogue-Archeological-Literary-Sources-Bible-Jesus-Israel-Judea-diaspora-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-Babylonian-Talmud-Non-Biblical-Jewish-Law-500ad.htm

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First campaign of Thutmoses III in the Battle of Megiddo: year ... Tel Habuwa was an important location which would not be located so close to the border for fear of attack. The River of Egypt (Wadi el-Arish) was the Biblical border between Judah and Egypt Read detailed outline Click to View The River: 1. Brook of Egypt 2. River of Egypt 3. Wadi el-Arish 4. Shihor Egyptian border seaport: 1. Arish 2. Tharu 3. Rhinocorura detailed outline Ancient literary source: Full text: Source: James Henry Breasted Ancient Records of Egypt: Historical Documents (Chicago: ... to be recorded his victories which his father, Amon, gave to him, upon a tablet in the temple which his majesty made for his father, Amon, setting forth each expedition by its name, together with the plunder which his majesty carried away therein. ... with gold, belonging to the chief of Megiddo; 892 chariots of his wretched army; total, 924 chariots; a beautiful suit of bronze armor, belonging to that foe; a beautiful suit of bronze armor, belonging to the chief of Megiddo; 200 suits of armor, ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-southern-border-wadi-el-arish-tharu-egyptian-account-of-the-battle-of-megiddo-1482bc.htm

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Flavius Josephus Genesis Chronology: 70 AD Creation 5467 BC ... II. Variant readings in the Manuscripts of Josephus: 1. All ancient manuscripts have variant readings. a. There are several history complete and fragment copies of Josephus. b. Just as with the Bible, sometimes we need to investigate which was the original autograph text. 2. Variants in Josephus Antiques ... To get the age of the earth we take Josephus' number from Adam to the destruction of Solomon's temple (587 BC) and add 587 and add 70 years to the time when Josephus wrote in 70 AD. We also need to add 70 years for the corrected date of Abraham leaving Haran at 130 and 215 years because Josephus took the short sojourn in Egypt when the actual number is 430 years. i. 4513 years = 4513 + ... Essene expectation must have reached fever-pitch towards the end of the first century B.C., with the eschatological war already overdue, and the Messiahs of Levi and Israel expected in the last of Daniel's 70 weeks, between 10 B.C. and 2 A.D. (6) The revolts which followed Herod's death, and the rise of ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Josephus-Flavius-Chronology-Genesis5-Textual-variants-Bible-manuscripts-Old-Testament-Torah-Tanakh-creation-5467BC-age-earth-Daniel9-70-weeks-70AD.htm

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597 BC: Arad Ostraca #18: Man seeks asylum in Temple of Solomon ... ... The Kersosi -- a member of the Kei os family, known from the Bible (Ezra 2:44; Neh 7:47). This is the first mention of one of the names of families of Nethinim in the First Temple Period, which strengthens the tradition in 1 Chronicles 9:1-2 regarding their ancient origins. 6. The gentilic form and the fact of his being on a mission at Arad support the hypothesis that at the time of the monarchy, the Nethinim were no longer Temple slaves of inferior degree, but held a position as profes-sionals connected with religious functions. 7. Line 6. - this sign is identical to that which appears in Inscription 1:7 as a unit of ... Even though the sanctuary at Arad was no longer rebuilt, some of the priestly administrative duties were still performed, no doubt, as before, such as the collection of tithes. Probably during the time of Jehoi-akim and Zedekiah there was a partial relapse from the great reform of centering the cult in Jerusalem ("And he did that which was evil in the sight of the ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/ostraca/bible-ostraca-ostracon-Arad18-letters-refugee-Solomons-temple-of-YHWH-Eliashib-Qerosite-Keros-homer-measure-Shemaiah-Zedekiah-597bc.htm

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595 BC: Bulla of Hananiah son of Azariah: False prophet. Bible ... ... prophets from Gibeon and Ramah: a. Around 1030-1014 BC Samuel's ancient prophets school called "Naioth", is located at Ramah, which overlooks Gibeon less than 1 km to the north: "Now David fled and escaped and came to Samuel at Ramah, and told him all that Saul had done to him. ... When the tabernacle of Moses was taken down the put in the storerooms of the temple of Solomon the former important real estate of the "Gibeon temple mount" became a residence for the elite among the prophets and servants of the King. This probably explains why the head prophet of Israel came from Gibeon. They have found many pottery stamps with LMK "for the king" in the excavations there. e. So Hananiah was likely the ... Jeremiah says that Hananiah will die for his false prophecy and now the yolk which Zedekiah will wear when he is deported to Babylon will be bronze not wood. 2. In September 595 BC Hananiah dies two months after Jeremiah condemned him to death. Conclusion: 1. On Tuesday 27 January 598 ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/bulla/bible-archeology-jeremiah-clay-bullae-seal-inscription-property-of-Belonging-to-Hananiah-son-of-Azariah-Azzur-false-prophet-Jer28-1-17-594bc.htm

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Trinity: The role of Constantine in the Nicene creed ... Shortly after his victory over Licinius be issued an edict urging all his subjects to adopt the Christian faith, but at the same time he confirmed his policy of toleration to paganism (although in contemptuous language) and forbade overzealous Christians to disturb the pagan cult. He nevertheless destroyed three famous temples, at Aegae in Cilicia and at Apheca and Heliopolis in Phoenicia, and in 331 confiscated all the temple ... Britannica, 1979, Constantine the Great, Vol. 5, p.71) Such pronouncements, expressed in letters to imperial officials and to Christian clergy, make untenable the view that Constantine's religious attitudes were even in these early years either veiled, confused, or compromised. ... of the Christian God. (Encyclopedia Britannica, 1979, Constantine the Great, Vol. 5, p.71) Yet to suggest that Constantine's conversion was "politically motivated" means little in an age in which every Greek or Roman expected that political success followed from religious piety. ... ... ... https://www.bible.ca/trinity/trinity-history-constantine.htm

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Role of Women preachers, segregation and Children in Synagogues men and women worshipped equally in the synagogue without segregation. 3. All the literary evidence is silent on segregation. a. "That women worshipped together with the men seems to be the only conclusion that can be drawn from the inscriptions and the archaeological and literary evidence. ... Though they were probably exceptional, these titles suggest that women were functionally parallel to the men who bore such titles (Brooten 2000:223). Based on present knowledge, it seems that in the synagogues of the Land of Israel (in contrast to those of the Diaspora), women did not hold titles or office in the synagogue or the community." (Ancient Synagogues - Archaeology and Art: New Discoveries and Current ... Master introduction: Summary overview is the place to start to tie it all together. Providence: God's eternal plan: The providential transition from Temple to Synagogue to Church Origin: Synagogues originated at Alexandria Egypt in 280 BC spawned by the Septuagint Jesus the Messiah of the ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Role-of-Women-Synagogue-preachers-leaders-segregated-Children-first-century-early-Christian-Church-New-Testament-worship-patterned-prototype-ancient-liturgy.htm

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First Century Synagogue Top Plans: Cana 40 BC ... Distance to Jerusalem: 117 Kilometers 3. When an archeologist begins excavating a newly discovered synagogue, the first thing he does to determine if it is a first temple, pre-70 AD installation is determine the orientation. a. If the synagogue points east it is not pre-70 AD but built ... D. Occupation history: 1. Pottery dating to the Iron age: Deborah to Solomon. 2. Tiglath Pileser, king of Assyria, mentioned the city of Kanna in the annals of his military campaign through Israel. 3. Hometown of Antigonus II, 40-37 BC a. "Now as Antigonus [II, 40-37 BC]had a mind to appear to exceed Herod not only in the courage but in the number of his men, he sent Pappus, one of his companions, with an army against ... From the perspective of Runesson's distinction between public and semi-public institutions, the evidence as de-scribed in the reports and articles so far seems to indicate a public institution housed in a public building." (The Ancient Synagogue from its Origins to 200 AD, Anders ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Cana-bible-ancient-synagogues-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-Jesus-archeology-top-plan-khirbet-qana-John2-miracle-water-wine-stoneware-pot-pillar-mikveh-30bc.htm

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Divided kingdom and David's Civil war with the House of Saul ... ... The tabernacle of Moses would remain in Gibeon until it is taken down after it is replaced by the new tabernacle of David in Jerusalem. Once the Temple is built by Solomon, this tabernacle of Moses will be put in a room inside the Temple for storage where it vanishes from recorded history forever. ... B. The House of Saul causes trouble for David: Ish-bosheth made King over Israel: 2 Samuel 2:8 1. We often speak of the united kingdom vs the divided king periods of Israel's history. In fact, the first divided kingdom period was the two years Ish-bosheth was king of Israel and David was king of Judah. 2. Ish-bosheth is Saul's youngest son whom Abner made King at age 40. 3. Abner, Saul's cousin ... Mahanaim had an ancient connection with Jacob as being a place where Jacob saw angels: "Now as Jacob went on his way, the angels of God met him. Jacob said when he saw them, "This is God's camp." So he named that place Mahanaim." (Genesis 32:1-2) b. Later, David would seek refuge in Mahanaim during ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-maps-timeline-chronology-2samuel-1-5-king-david-in-hebron-civil-war-1004-997bc.htm

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The Myth Of Psychotherapy, Thomas Szasz, 1979 AD ... We call a belief an illusion when a wish-fulfillment is a prominent factor in its motivation, and in doing so we disregard its relation to reality, just as the illusion itself sets no store by verification. Having thus taken our bearings, let us return once more to the question of religious ... There is, in short, nothing scientific about Freud's hostility to established religion, though he tries hard to pretend that there is. The same sort of antireligiosity that Freud preached was rampant in ancient Greece: its character was identified by Plato, and its Sigmund Freud: The Jewish Avenger 141 significance for the modern age has been reidentified by Eric Voegelin. Plato's particular wrath, notes Voegelin, ... In short, Freud was neither worse nor better than other religious and political leaders who rose to "greatness" over the bodies and souls of executed or execrated enemies. VIII That Freud was an angry avenger and a domineering founder of a religion (or cult), rather than a dispassionate ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/psychiatry/the-myth-of-psychotherapy-thomas-szasz-1979ad.htm

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Bible Tongue Speaking and Modern Impostors! ... A Sign To Believers Modern Day Tongue Speaking Is Not From God! In the Los Angeles area which consists of about 12 million people, every kind of religious cult that can be imagined is here. One of the churches, called the Rainbow Revival Church, located at 890 Crenshaw in Los Angeles, sent out an instruction ... The fact that the tongue-speaking experience is found in false and contradictory religions would indicate that its source is not from God but is a human experience confused for divine intervention. The fact that the same experience is known in all religions, ancient and modern, Christian and pagan, and sometimes outside the religious experience altogether would indicate that ... John was no doubt speaking of counterfeits of miracles when he wrote in I John 4:1, "Believe not every spirit, but try the spirits to see if they be from God." One major purpose for tongues was to serve as a sign to unbelieving Jews - a problem that was eliminated with the destruction of the Temple and ... ... https://www.bible.ca/su-tongues-today.htm

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Ellen G. White found guilty of plagiarism (copying) ... In Rev. xvii, 18, this same city is called a woman. Now a woman is always in the Scriptures, when used as a symbol, taken to represent religious organizations, the true church being represented by a virtuous woman.... The term Babylon, from Babel, where God confounded the language of men, signifies mixture, confusion. corrupted systems of Christianity. Protestant churches. [381] Paul employs the same figure in the New Testament when ... That he was raised from the dead ... was waved before the Lord. [400] The work was free from those extremes which are ever manifested when there is human excitement without the controlling influence of the word and Spirit of God. It was similar in character to those seasons of humiliation and returning unto the Lord which among ancient Israel followed messages of reproof from His servants. It bore the characteristics that mark the work of God in every age. [168] It was not characterized by those extremes ever manifested where human excitement, and not the ... ... https://www.bible.ca/7-WL-exhibits-Great-Contro.htm

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Messianic Bible Prophecy Fulfilled: Isaiah 53 The Suffering Servant ... ... And he will perform all My desire.' And he declares of Jerusalem, 'She will be built,' And of the temple, 'Your foundation will be laid.' " Thus says the LORD to Cyrus His anointed, Whom I have taken by the right hand, To subdue nations before him And to loose the loins of kings; To open doors before him so that gates will not be shut: "I will go before you and make the rough places smooth; I will shatter the doors of bronze and cut through their iron bars. "I will give you the treasures of darkness And hidden wealth of secret places, So that you may know that it is I, The LORD, the God of Israel, who calls you by your name. For the sake of Jacob My servant, And Israel My chosen one, I have also called you by your name; I ... So they will be called oaks of righteousness, The planting of the LORD, that He may be glorified. Then they will rebuild the ancient ruins, They will raise up the former devastations; And they will repair the ruined cities, The desolations of many generations. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/prophecy/Isaiah53-five-fold-prophecy-fulfillment-suffering-servant-Isaiah-sawed-two-Jesus-Paul-Christians-prophets.htm

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Ancient Synagogue Literary Sources: Titus Flavius Josephus (Joseph ... A few years later (sometime between 49 and 44 B.C.E.), Julius Caesar prohibited all collegia Empire-wide except the most ancient. One exception, perhaps because it conformed to the notion ancient, was Judaism,1° and this exception was also ... Josephus Antiquities 16.164 c. The Jerusalem Talmud says there were hundreds of schools in Jerusalem alone in the first century AD. 7. Temple tax funds collected and sent to the Jerusalem Temple: a. Josephus Antiquities 16.164 b. Josephus Antiquities ... Babylonian Talmud, b. Meg. 4:4, I.1.A-C f. Babylonian Talmud, b. Meg. 4:4, I.1-I.5 9. Town hall type civic meetings to resolve religious persecution: a. Josephus, Life 280, Tiberias 66 AD D. SUMMARY List of 18 cities with Synagogue in Josephus at the ... the old city, which Joshua, the son of Nun, the general of the Hebrews, took the first of all the cities of the land of Canaan, by right of war. (460) The report is, that this fountain, at the beginning, caused not only the blasting of the earth ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Ancient-Synagogue-Archeological-Literary-Sources-Bible-Jesus-Israel-Judea-diaspora-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-Joseph-ben-Matthias-Titus-Flavius-Josephus-70ad.htm

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The Ahoroni Fortress at Quseima: One of Solomon's network of ... ... This means that the oval fortresses were built in the 11th century, with the smaller fortresses and settlements coming somewhat later. Dating is, of course, crucial for both theories: a date earlier than the establishment of the kingdom of Israel ... "Nearby, there is an ancient crossroad: one road runs from Suez to Beersheba and Hebron, via Bir Hasana, Quseima and Nisanah (evidently Derekh Shur -or, ii-r); the other is a branch of the via maris originating from el-`Arish or Rafiah and continuing through Quseima and Kuntilla down to the Gulf of 'Aqaba. At the oasis and in the neighbouring region there are scattered remains of many temporary and permanent settlements, dating from the Palaeolithic, the Middle Bronze I and the Israelite, the ... As usual in sites of this category in the Negev, the pottery was of two types: ordinary, wheel-made pottery, characteristic of the Iron Age; and rough, handmade pottery, of the type known as "Negev ware" (Cohen 1986). The number of Negev ware sherds ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-fortresses-quseima-ahoroni.htm

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Saul Hunts David. Timeline, maps, chronology, sermons of Judges ... ... The Tabernacle will remain at Gibeah until it goes extinct 59 years later in 959 BC when Solomon finishes the Temple. After Saul kills the priests and moves the Tabernacle to Gibeah, it functioned with out a high priest until after Saul died. ... Echoing the woman being cut up 250 years earlier from this same spot, Saul cuts up oxen in pieces and sends them throughout Israel as a call to war to defend the men at Jabesh-Gilead who were under attack of Moab. This is how it looks today: click to view 3. Timeline and chronology: a. In 1082 BC, Saul is born. b. In Jonathan is likely born around 1067 BC since he is Saul's oldest son, when Saul is 15 years old. c. In 1052 BC, Samuel was 52 years old when he anointed Saul at age 30 as king. 1 ... It was south of Moah because of the "to the right of" reference and it was near the Salt Sea, because of the reference to the "Arabah". Here is the oldest map in the world, the Madaba Map. It is oriented facing "east up" like all ancient maps, in ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-maps-timeline-chronology-1samuel-21-31-saul-david-on-the-run-1012-1004bc.htm

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bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-johann-heinrich-kurtz-history ... ... southern border of Canaan (Num. xiii.), the second time after wandering about for thirty-seven years in the desert of Tih (Num. xx.)„ This renders the supposition that there were two places called Kadesh, as unnecessary as it is inadmissible (2). ... For the Wady Eetemât, which answers exactly to the ancient Eithmah, forms the entrance to the plain of Kadesh, which GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY. 247 Bowlands lias so recently discovered. The spies probably set out from this wady (Num. xiii. 2), whilst the rest of the people, who awaited their return, spread themselves out in the plain of Kadesh, where they were both protected and concealed (5). ( 1.) The assertion that Israel encamped twice- in Kadesh, is* pronounced by Ewald (ii. 207) " a perfectly ... critics when dealing with Biblical accounts, everything has been turned upside down, and every argument of any worth has been swept away (car tel est mon bon plaisir). The fact that the Israelites encamped twice at Kadesh, has been proved by K. v. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-johann-heinrich-kurtz-history-of-the-old-covenant-1872ad.htm

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Sinai and Palestine, in connection with their history: Kadesh ... In this great valley there is no more question of the course of the Israelites. It is indeed doubtful whether they passed up it on their way to Canaan, but no one can doubt that they passed down it, when the valleys of Edom were closed against them. ... This is the Wady Ithm, which turns the eastern range of the 'Arabah, and through which the Israelites must have passed on their way to Moab. It is still one of the regular roads to Petra, and in ancient times seems to have been the main approach from ... There, was Mount Hor, which Robinson and Laborde in vain wished to ascend; there, the plain half-way, where Burckhardt was obliged to halt without reaching the top; here the temple which Irby and Mangles only saw through their telescope; here the ... In this general obscurity, one place stands out prominently. There can be no question, that next to Sinai, the most important of all the resting-places of the Children of Israel is Kadesh. [Although Reland (Palasstina, p. 115, ff.) is probably ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-petra-arthur-penrhyn-stanley-sinai-and-palestine-in-connection-with-their-history-1856ad.htm

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Misidentified: "Belonging to Jotham" and "Belonging to Eliakim ... ... The seal itself, enclosed in a copper casing. had incised on it in retrograde. in the clearest possible ancient Hebrew characters, the following inscription: LYTM. "belonging to Jotham." Below the inscription is a beautifully carved, horned ram, ... well into spatial patterns based on central places and hierarchies theories (Garfinkel 1984, 1985)." (The Eliakim Na˓ar Yokan Seal Impressions: Sixty Years of Confusion in Biblical Archaeological Research, Yosef Garfinkel, Biblical Archaeologist, Vol. 53, 1990 AD) III. Huge consequences of misdating and misidentifying the seal: "The 100 year distortion" 1. With the seal misdated to Jehoiachin initially, it seriously warped and skewed the archeological interpretations for all site in Israel. a. ... This 100 year "mis-gap" distorted archeological interpretations for decades. 2. "In 1953, a quarter century after the first Eliakim na˓ar Yokan handle was found, Olga Tufnell published the final excavation report on the Iron Age strata at Lachish. ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/bulla/bible-archeology-jeremiah-clay-bullae-seal-inscription-Belonging-to-Eliakim-servant-of-Jehoiachin-belonging-to-Jotham-misidentified.htm

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50 ways Harold Camping's pre-tribulation Rapture contridicts ... return in one generation from the time Israel became a nation in 1948. Truth: Mt 23:34; 24:34 speak about how the Herodian temple in Jerusalem will be destroyed within one generation. This indeed came to pass with the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD by Titus. Notice the parallel: "But when you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then recognize that her desolation is near. " (Luke 21:20) 5. False: Israel never possessed all the land promised to Abraham and must return to fulfill this promise. ... The 70th week continued and came to and end before 40 AD. Rapturists believe that the entire New Testament period is something that God had to think up on the fly when the Jews rejected Jesus as their king. So God had to think up the church age as a ... Ergo, we need to understand the Bible, lest we also be misled, and so that we can help others to a correct understanding. I. Premillennialism teaches that god has guaranteed to restore the Israelites to Canaan and that not until then will the kingdom ... ... https://www.bible.ca/pre-contrast-truth.htm

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bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-kuntillet-ajrud-anchor ... Several phrases could be read on the second, two-line inscription: This is a blessing or prayer addressed to "Yahweh of Teman and his Asherah." The third inscription is obvi-ously a piece of an ancient theophany describing the revelation of God in language echoing the ... a religious center; however, the lack of things usually associated with ritual sacrifice (e.g., altars) and the architectural layout of the site indicate that the remains are not those of a temple. It appears that the site may have served as a "wayside shrine" that, due to its location, was associated with journeys of the Israelite kings to Elat and to Ezion-geber, and perhaps also with the travels of pilgrims to S Sinai. These were able to journey S along the Darb el-Ghazza from Kadesh-barnea, stopping at the place to make dedications to Israel's god in the bench room of the main building. The strong N (Israelite, not Judean) influence in the remains seems to connect Kuntillet Ajrud with the N kingdom of Israel or ... ... ...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-kuntillet-ajrud-zeev-meshel-anchor-bible-dictionary-1991ad.htm

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